论技术标准中专利权滥用的反垄断法规制
发布时间：2019-01-01 16:35
【摘要】：伴随着高新技术的快速发展,技术标准与专利权的结合已经成为当今世界技术标准发展和专利全球化推广的重要趋势。技术标准与专利权的结合是主客观因素共同作用的必然结果。二者的结合犹如一把双刃剑：一方面对市场竞争有着正面的促进效应；另一方面,技术标准中的专利权滥用行为会产生限制市场竞争的负面效应。技术标准中的专利权滥用行为具有自身的特殊性,其表现形式也是多种多样。在技术标准制定过程中,主要有故意不披露相关专利信息、联合抵制等表现形式；在技术标准实施过程中,主要有拒绝许可、搭售、收取不合理许可费、专利联营等表现形式。规制此类行为的法律途径主要有三种：民法中的禁止权利滥用原则、专利法自身的权利限制规则以及反垄断法的相关规则。但是,前两种途径都由于其自身的局限性而无法针对技术标准中专利权滥用行为的特点进行有效规制。与之相反,反垄断法因其与专利权在根本目标上的一致性以及其自身在分析方法、处理机制上的优越性而适应了规制此类行为的需要。针对技术标准中的专利权滥用行为,美国、欧盟、日本等发达国家和地区在长期的实践中形成了一套内容详细、行之有效的反垄断法规制体系。近些年,在华跨国公司滥用技术标准中的专利权频频向我国企业发难。而在规制技术标准中的专利权滥用行为方面,我国《反垄断法》现有的相关规定过于原则,缺乏可操作性。在建立我国技术标准中专利权滥用的反垄断法规制制度时,必须兼顾鼓励创新和保护竞争的双重目标,立足我国国情,从严规制技术标准中的专利权滥用行为。同时,借鉴国外技术标准中专利权滥用反垄断法规制的有益经验,采用原则性规定和具体规则相结合的立法模式,确立“合理原则为主,本身违法原则为辅”的审查方法,对技术标准中的专利权滥用行为进行类型化分析。还应设置专门的反垄断执法机构,建立对垄断行为的刑事责任制度,以更有效地规制技术标准中的专利权滥用行为,保护市场竞争。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high and new technology, the combination of technical standards and patent rights has become an important trend of the development of world technology standards and patent globalization. The combination of technical standards and patent rights is the inevitable result of both subjective and objective factors. The combination of the two is like a double-edged sword: on the one hand, it has a positive promoting effect on market competition; on the other hand, the abuse of patent rights in technical standards will have a negative effect on restricting market competition. Patent abuse in technical standards has its own particularity and various forms. In the process of making technical standards, there are mainly manifestations such as intentional non-disclosure of relevant patent information, boycott and so on; in the implementation of technical standards, there are mainly manifestations such as refusing permission, tying up, charging unreasonable license fees, patent association, and so on. There are three legal ways to regulate this kind of behavior: the principle of prohibiting abuse of rights in civil law, the restriction rules of patent law itself and the relevant rules of antimonopoly law. However, the former two approaches can not effectively regulate the characteristics of patent abuse in technical standards because of their own limitations. On the contrary, the anti-monopoly law adapts to the need of regulating this kind of behavior because of its consistency with the patent right on the basic goal and its superiority in the analysis method and the processing mechanism. In view of patent abuse in technical standards, developed countries and regions such as the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed countries and regions have formed a set of detailed and effective anti-monopoly law regulation system in long-term practice. In recent years, multinational corporations in China frequently abuse patent rights in technical standards to Chinese enterprises. However, in regulating the abuse of patent rights in technical standards, the existing regulations of Anti-monopoly Law in China are too principled and lack maneuverability. When setting up the regulation system of patent right abuse in Chinese technical standard, we must take into account the double goals of encouraging innovation and protecting competition, and strictly regulate the abuse of patent right in technical standard based on our country's national conditions. At the same time, drawing lessons from the beneficial experience of patent abuse regulation in foreign technical standards and adopting the legislative model of combining the principle and concrete rules, the author establishes the examination method of "reasonable principle is the main principle, and the illegal principle is the secondary". The types of patent abuse in technical standards are analyzed. We should also set up a special anti-monopoly law enforcement agency and establish a criminal liability system for monopoly behavior in order to more effectively regulate the abuse of patent rights in technical standards and protect market competition.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294
本文编号：2397827
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high and new technology, the combination of technical standards and patent rights has become an important trend of the development of world technology standards and patent globalization. The combination of technical standards and patent rights is the inevitable result of both subjective and objective factors. The combination of the two is like a double-edged sword: on the one hand, it has a positive promoting effect on market competition; on the other hand, the abuse of patent rights in technical standards will have a negative effect on restricting market competition. Patent abuse in technical standards has its own particularity and various forms. In the process of making technical standards, there are mainly manifestations such as intentional non-disclosure of relevant patent information, boycott and so on; in the implementation of technical standards, there are mainly manifestations such as refusing permission, tying up, charging unreasonable license fees, patent association, and so on. There are three legal ways to regulate this kind of behavior: the principle of prohibiting abuse of rights in civil law, the restriction rules of patent law itself and the relevant rules of antimonopoly law. However, the former two approaches can not effectively regulate the characteristics of patent abuse in technical standards because of their own limitations. On the contrary, the anti-monopoly law adapts to the need of regulating this kind of behavior because of its consistency with the patent right on the basic goal and its superiority in the analysis method and the processing mechanism. In view of patent abuse in technical standards, developed countries and regions such as the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed countries and regions have formed a set of detailed and effective anti-monopoly law regulation system in long-term practice. In recent years, multinational corporations in China frequently abuse patent rights in technical standards to Chinese enterprises. However, in regulating the abuse of patent rights in technical standards, the existing regulations of Anti-monopoly Law in China are too principled and lack maneuverability. When setting up the regulation system of patent right abuse in Chinese technical standard, we must take into account the double goals of encouraging innovation and protecting competition, and strictly regulate the abuse of patent right in technical standard based on our country's national conditions. At the same time, drawing lessons from the beneficial experience of patent abuse regulation in foreign technical standards and adopting the legislative model of combining the principle and concrete rules, the author establishes the examination method of "reasonable principle is the main principle, and the illegal principle is the secondary". The types of patent abuse in technical standards are analyzed. We should also set up a special anti-monopoly law enforcement agency and establish a criminal liability system for monopoly behavior in order to more effectively regulate the abuse of patent rights in technical standards and protect market competition.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294
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