政府采购环保“黑名单”法律制度研究

发布时间：2019-01-25 10:29

【摘要】：政府采购作为一种政府行为,不仅体现了政府对于采购活动的要求,还承担着政府对于市场的引领、指导作用。政府采购一直以来仅有《政府采购法》、《采购法实施条例》对其从采购流程、采购合同等方面做出专门性、程序性的规定。2014年新《环保法》对于政府采购对象提出了“环保、节能”的新要求,但政府采购相关法律法规并未根据此要求进行调整,出现了采购活动与“环保、节能”相脱节的情况。为能使政府采购活动达到这一要求并同时实现绿色采购的目的,本文在借鉴近年来相关领域出现的“黑名单”制度的前提下,在政府采购领域提出建立环保“黑名单”制度的构想。文章分为五个部分。第一部分引言,提出政府采购与环保节能无直接关联,但法律又对政府采购的环保化提出要求的矛盾。并对此问题进行分析,提出解决方式——建立政府采购环保“黑名单”制度。第二部分对政府采购环保“黑名单”制度做出概述,引出环保“黑名单”制度的概念和目的,以及制度形成的理论基础和现实依据。此项制度根据《环境保护法》和《政府采购法》要求,借鉴了政府采购目录制定的方式和表现形式,同样以目录的形式,将采购主体和采购对象一一进行规范。政府采购“黑名单”与采购目录同时制作,都由政府采购专门机构负责相关实施细则。第三部分提出了政府采购环保“黑名单”制度的主要构架,包括基本内容、“黑名单”的进入和退出机制以及制度实施方式。“黑名单”制度的基本内容包括主体构建、制作流程、运行周期、表现形式以及监督。“黑名单”的进入和退出机制根据规范内容的不同分别对采购对象“黑名单”(包括对采购的产品、工程、服务等)、供应商“黑名单”与代理机构“黑名单”做出构建,将不符合要求的对象及主体规避在采购活动之外。第四部分提出了政府采购环保“黑名单”制度的立法模式建议,建议将“黑名单”制度通过法律法规的形式加以确立以保障其运行,并提出相关立法建议。第五部分为结论部分,通过梳理整篇文章的脉络,提出政府采购环保“黑名单”制度将在政府采购领域发挥出创造性作用。
[Abstract]:As a kind of government behavior, government procurement not only reflects the requirements of government procurement activities, but also undertakes the guidance and guidance of the government to the market. Government procurement has always been the only "government procurement law". The regulations on the implementation of the "procurement law" have made it specialized in the procurement process, procurement contracts, and so on. The new "Environmental Protection Law" in 2014 puts forward new requirements of "environmental protection and energy conservation" for government procurement objects, but the laws and regulations related to government procurement have not been adjusted in accordance with this requirement, resulting in procurement activities and "environmental protection," Energy saving "disjointed." In order to achieve this requirement and achieve the purpose of green procurement at the same time, this paper draws lessons from the "blacklist" system in related fields in recent years. In the field of government procurement, the establishment of environmental protection "blacklist" system is proposed. The article is divided into five parts. In the first part, the author points out that there is no direct relation between government procurement and environmental protection and energy conservation, but the law demands the environmental protection of government procurement. And this problem is analyzed, and the solution is put forward, which is to establish the "blacklist" system of environmental protection in government procurement. The second part gives an overview of the "blacklist" system of environmental protection in government procurement, and introduces the concept and purpose of the "blacklist" system of environmental protection, as well as the theoretical basis and practical basis for the formation of the system. According to the requirements of "Environmental Protection Law" and "Government Procurement Law", this system draws lessons from the ways and manifestations of government procurement catalogue, and standardizes the procurement subject and object one by one in the form of catalogue. The "blacklist" of government procurement is produced at the same time as the procurement catalogue, and the relevant implementation rules are taken care of by specialized agencies of government procurement. The third part puts forward the main framework of the "blacklist" system of environmental protection in government procurement, including the basic content, the entry and exit mechanism of "blacklist" and the way of implementing the system. The basic contents of blacklist system include subject construction, production process, operation cycle, manifestation and supervision. The entry and exit mechanisms of the "blacklist" are constructed according to the different contents of the specification to the "blacklist" of the purchasing object (including products, works, services, etc.), the "blacklist" of the supplier and the "blacklist" of the agency. Circumvent objects and subjects that do not meet the requirements outside the procurement activities. In the fourth part, the author puts forward the legislative model of the "blacklist" system of environmental protection in government procurement, and suggests that the "blacklist" system should be established in the form of laws and regulations to ensure its operation, and the relevant legislative suggestions are put forward. The fifth part is the conclusion part, through combing the whole article's vein, proposes that the government procurement environmental protection "blacklist" system will play a creative role in the government procurement field.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.2

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