特许经营的立法政策问题研究——以欧盟经验为例

发布时间：2019-02-17 11:49

【摘要】：为了给特许经营的发展提供一个能动性的法律框架,从而促进经济增长和创新,在对特许经营进行立法规制的过程中如何将特许经营的特征与公共采购法律规制相融合是一个关键问题。理论研究表明,明确界定特许经营的概念、厘清特许经营与公共采购合同之区别、选择适合的立法模式、澄清不同法律之间的协调适用规则、强调规制规则的灵活性、扩展规制环节应当是在立法规制过程中被重要考量的政策问题。虽然欧盟公共采购法律制度具备一定的局限性,但其立法经验仍然值得中国借鉴。特许经营本质上对价为在于开发权利或开发权利与报酬的结合。特许经营与一般公共采购合同之间的本质区别在于私人部门实体在合同履行阶段承担了运营风险。特许经营规制的灵活性规则应当注重赋予采购人裁量权,仅在必要时进行适当限制。特许经营规制环节不应当局限于合同授予环节,而是应当向前扩展至采购需求确定环节,向后扩展至合同履行环节。
[Abstract]:In order to provide a dynamic legal framework for the development of franchises, thereby promoting economic growth and innovation, How to combine the characteristics of franchise with the legal regulation of public procurement is a key problem in the process of legislation regulation of franchise. The theoretical research shows that the concept of franchise is clearly defined, the difference between franchise and public procurement contract is clarified, the appropriate legislative model is chosen, the coordination and applicable rules between different laws are clarified, and the flexibility of regulation rules is emphasized. The expansion of regulation should be an important policy issue in the process of legislative regulation. Although the legal system of EU public procurement has some limitations, its legislative experience is still worth learning from China. Franchising is essentially a combination of development rights or exploitation rights and remuneration. The essential difference between franchising and general public procurement contracts is that private sector entities bear operational risks in the stage of contract performance. The flexible rules of franchise regulation should pay attention to giving the purchaser discretion and restrict it only when necessary. The regulation of franchise should not be limited to contract award, but should be extended to the determination of procurement demand and backward to contract performance.
【作者单位】：中央财经大学财政学院;中国资产评估协会;
【基金】：2015年国家社科基金重大项目(第)二批“政府和社会资本合作(PPP)模式方法研究”
【分类号】：D922.297

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