设立中公司的法律地位及责任研究

发布时间：2019-06-27 12:36

【摘要】：设立中公司的概念是来自于公司成立过程中的阶段。从学术的角度看,不同学者对于设立中公司的概念所持的观点及态度也不尽相同。比如德国便将设立中的公司认为是以营利为目的的社团而存在着的,当帝国法院没有特殊的规定时,便依照邦(州)的许可始取得权利能力.而伴随着市场及其行业的发展,相关的学者对以上所持的观点也产生了分歧观点,并对一些环节产生了猜疑。为了便于对设立中公司进行深入研究,便需要对设立中公司的法律地位及其性质进行深入探究,从法律视角对其进行定义。目前,在理论实践中,设立一个公司,需要进一步调查的立法实践研究过于粗糙。设立中公司被认为是获得法人地位,设立的目的是设立公司的协议,完成向公司登记取得营业执照(或设立失败后成立清算)的一种过渡性非法人团体。具有过渡性,目的性和非法人团体的特点等。通过比较两大法系,在公司的设立方面可以了解到,其法律地位可以被视为一种非公司的一种组织,法律责任直接来源于发起人是否是借助设立中公司的名义来从事相关民商事行为,行为完全是以设立中公司的名义而为之、公司发起人实施,成立为了设立中公司的利益或公司成立后的利益而以其的名义实施的行为。目前,公司制度在我国社会主义市场经济中发挥着重要作用,然而,从公司开始设立一直到公司成立,长远眼光来看,要明白的一点是设立公司的这一过程没有是在短暂之间就能够发生的,但基于成立该公司的目的,其在设立的过程中伴随着市场经济活动。也伴随着经济活动的发生,这将不可避免地产生交易行为,通过这次交易主体的行为上看,问题是很明显的,在公司设立过程中是客观存在的,其直接关系着成立后公司的健康的运营和业务持续发展。在世界上大多数法律健全的国家,设立中公司的法律问题研究由来已久,在有关设立中公司的立法方面、司法判例制度等方面的相关规定,实践中解决方案为企业设立相关法律问题有着重要的指导和监管效果。相比之下,我国现行公司立法设立中公司只有指定发起人的有关权利和有关义务的相关规定,没有明确设立中公司的相关规定,由此产生的法律问题和纠纷在适用的司法实践中存在问题,因此,设立中公司在相关的法律问题上,尤其是法律地位和法律责任上,和其他重要问题上研究是具有紧迫性和重要性的。
[Abstract]:The concept of a company in the process of establishing a company comes from the stage in the process of establishing a company. From an academic point of view, different scholars have different views and attitudes towards the concept of established company. Germany, for example, regards established companies as profit-making societies, and when the Imperial Court does not have a special rule, it acquires the right to do so with the permission of the state (state). With the development of the market and its industry, the relevant scholars also have different views on the above views, and have become suspicious of some links. In order to facilitate the in-depth study of the established company, it is necessary to deeply explore the legal status and nature of the established company, and define it from the legal point of view. At present, in theory and practice, the legislative practice research that needs to be further investigated is too rough to set up a company. The establishment of a company is considered to be a legal person status, the purpose of which is to establish a company agreement to complete the registration of a company to obtain a business license (or the establishment of a liquidation after the failure of the establishment) of a transitional non-corporate body. It has the characteristics of transition, purpose and unincorporated body. By comparing the two legal systems, we can understand that their legal status can be regarded as a kind of non-corporate organization, and the legal liability comes directly from whether the promoters engage in relevant civil and commercial acts with the help of the established company, and the behavior is carried out entirely in the name of the established company, which is carried out by the sponsors of the company. The act of being carried out in the name of a company for the benefit of or after the establishment of the company. At present, the company system plays an important role in the socialist market economy of our country. However, from the beginning of the company to the establishment of the company, it should be understood that the process of setting up the company can not happen in a short time, but for the purpose of establishing the company, it is accompanied by market economy activities in the process of establishing the company. With the occurrence of economic activities, this will inevitably lead to trading behavior. Through the behavior of the main body of the transaction, the problem is very obvious, which is objective in the process of the establishment of the company, which is directly related to the healthy operation and sustainable development of the business after the establishment of the company. In most countries with sound laws in the world, the legal issues of established companies have been studied for a long time. In the relevant provisions on the legislation of established companies, judicial case system and so on, the solution in practice has an important guiding and regulatory effect on the establishment of related legal problems for enterprises. In contrast, in the current company legislation of our country, the company has only the relevant provisions of the rights and related obligations of the designated promoters, and there are no clear relevant provisions of the company in the process of establishment. The resulting legal problems and disputes exist problems in the applicable judicial practice. Therefore, the company in the process of establishment has problems in the relevant legal issues, especially the legal status and legal liability. It is urgent and important to study on other important issues.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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