我国国有企业纳入GPA法律问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-27 13:42

【摘要】：我国从2007年起就开始申请加入《政府采购协议》(the Government Procurement Agreement,以下简称为“GPA”),但是至今我国仍然没有能够成功加入,这其中最主要争议点就在于西方发达国家希望我国开放全部国有企业采购市场,而我国认为我国《政府采购法》的采购主体中并不包含国有企业,况且我国国有企业进行了股份制改革,实行政企分开、自主经营,也不属于政府的职能部门,所以国有企业不应该纳入政府采购主体。我国将国有企业排除政府采购主体的行为令西方等发达国家非常不满,因此我国数次加入GPA的谈判都未能成功且加入进程相当缓慢。2014年12月22日,我国向世界贸易组织(WTO)提交了申请加入GPA的第六份出价清单,这份出价清单较之以往有很大不同,尤其是在附件3中首次列入了3家国有企业,这意味着我国即将开放国有企业采购市场。本文分析了我国国有企业与西方发达国家国有企业的本质差别,所以决定了我国不能像西方发达国家那样全部开放其国有企业政府采购市场,而应该建立自己的开放标准,并在这一标准下有选择的部分开放国有企业采购市场。本文主要运用了比较分析的法学方法,第一部分首先介绍了GPA的概况、我国国有企与国外国有企业的概念与特点并对比国内外国有企业的不同,以及分析了我国国有企业纳入GPA的积极影响以及现实的困境。第二部分介绍了国外国有企业的分类标准以及GPA与协议成员国对于“其他实体”的界定标准,进而审视我国对于国有企业分类标准的混乱与缺失。第三部分介绍了我国国有企业的分类以及纳入GPA应当适用的标准。最后一部分讲述的是我国国有企业纳入GPA框架下我国政府采购法律制度的完善建议,包括我国国有企业的出价策略、纳入GPA的国有企业采购的法律适用以及我国政府采购相关制度的完善。
[Abstract]:Since 2007, China has been applying to join the Government Procurement Agreement (the Government Procurement Agreement, (hereinafter referred to as "GPA"). However, up to now, China has not been able to join successfully, the most important point of debate is that the western developed countries want China to open up the procurement market of all state-owned enterprises, but our country believes that the procurement subject of the Government Procurement Law does not include state-owned enterprises. Moreover, the state-owned enterprises in China have carried out joint-stock reform, carried out the separation of government and enterprises, independent management, and do not belong to the functional departments of the government, so state-owned enterprises should not be included in the main body of government procurement. China's behavior of excluding state-owned enterprises from the main body of government procurement has made the western and other developed countries very dissatisfied, so the negotiation of China's accession to the GPA has not been successful and the accession process has been quite slow. On December 22, 2014, China submitted the sixth bid list of applications for accession to the GPA to the (WTO) of the World Trade Organization, which is very different from the past, especially the inclusion of three state-owned enterprises in Annex 3 for the first time. This means that China will open up the procurement market of state-owned enterprises. This paper analyzes the essential difference between the state-owned enterprises of our country and the state-owned enterprises of the western developed countries, so it is decided that our country should not open up the government procurement market of the state-owned enterprises as well as the western developed countries, but should establish its own open standard and choose part of the procurement market of the state-owned enterprises under this standard. This paper mainly uses the legal method of comparative analysis. The first part introduces the general situation of GPA, the concept and characteristics of state-owned enterprises in China and foreign countries, and compares the differences between state-owned enterprises at home and abroad, as well as the positive influence and realistic predicament of state-owned enterprises in China. The second part introduces the classification standards of foreign state-owned enterprises and the definition standards of "other entities" between GPA and agreement members, and then examines the confusion and lack of classification standards for state-owned enterprises in China. The third part introduces the classification of state-owned enterprises in China and the standards that should be applied to the inclusion of GPA. The last part is about the suggestions of perfecting the legal system of government procurement under the framework of GPA, including the bidding strategy of state-owned enterprises, the legal application of state-owned enterprises' procurement into GPA and the improvement of the relevant systems of government procurement in China.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.2

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