记名提单的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 01:17

本文关键词： 提单记名提单提单转让物权凭证凭单放货　出处：《上海海事大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：记名提单，是指提单正面“收货人”一栏内载明特定的人的提单。由于大多数国家的法律规定它不可转让，因而它在国际贸易中使用场合有限，它的法律地位也远不及可转让提单。因此，它历来不为立法者、海商法研究者和航运实务者重视。但是近年来，随着与之相关的纠纷和争议日益增多，记名提单逐渐引起人们的注意，劳氏报告也公布了几起颇具争议的案件。为此，笔者觉得有必要对记名提单做系统的研究。具体说来，本文主要讨论了记名提单的转让性、记名提单是不是物权凭证、记名提单下承运人是否应凭单放货以及记名提单下承运人无单放货的法律适用等几个问题。对于这些问题，各国有着不同的法律规定和实践做法。因此本文运用比较法学的研究方法，结合各国的法律规定和司法实践展开论述。本文首先简要介绍了记名提单的概念和各国的相关法律规定，，随后探讨了提单转让的概念，并对记名提单转让的各国法律规定进行比较。在此基础上，研究了记名提单与物权凭证的关系。本文认为提单作为物权凭证的功能与其可转让性并没有必然的联系。不能因为记名提单不具有转让性而得出其不是物权凭证的结论。记名提单下承运人是否应凭单放货?对于这个问题，当前存在很大争议，它也是我国法学理论和司法实践中的热门话题。因此本文将其作为另一重点予以探讨。根据记名提单的属性，在比较各国司法实践后，本文赞成记名提单下承运人仍须凭单放货的观点。最后，通过对无单放货纠纷的定性(或称识别)分析，笔者认为记名提单下承运人无单放货纠纷所适用的法律应根据诉因(是侵权还是违约)来确定相应的冲突规范，进而确定审理案件的准据法。同时，本文就如何防范使用记名提单所产生的风险也给出了几点建议。
[Abstract]:A straight bill of lading means a bill of lading indicating a particular person in the "consignee" column on the front of the bill of lading... because it is not transferable under the laws of most countries, its use in international trade is limited, Its legal status is far from that of negotiable bills of lading. As a result, it has never been taken seriously by legislators, maritime law researchers and shipping practitioners. But in recent years, with the increasing number of disputes and disputes associated with it, The bill of lading has attracted people's attention gradually, and several controversial cases have been published in the Lloyd's report. Therefore, it is necessary for the author to make a systematic study on the bill of lading. Specifically, this paper mainly discusses the transferability of the bill of lading, whether the bill of lading is a document of title, Whether the carrier under the bill of lading should deliver the goods on paper and the application of the law of the carrier's delivery without the bill of lading under the bill of lading. Different countries have different legal provisions and practical practices. Therefore, this paper uses comparative law research methods, combined with the legal provisions and judicial practice of various countries to begin to discuss. This paper first briefly introduces the concept of straight bill of lading and the relevant legal provisions of various countries, then discusses the concept of transfer of bill of lading, and compares the national legal provisions of transfer of bill of lading. This paper studies the relationship between bill of lading and document of title. This paper holds that the function of bill of lading as a document of title is not necessarily related to its transferability, and the conclusion that bill of lading is not a document of rem can not be concluded because it is not transferable. Should the carrier deliver the goods by voucher under the bearer bill of lading? For this problem, there is a lot of controversy, it is also a hot topic in the legal theory and judicial practice of our country. Therefore, this paper discusses it as another important point. According to the attribute of registered bill of lading, after comparing the judicial practice of various countries, This article agrees with the view that the carrier is still required to deliver the goods under the bearer bill of lading. Finally, by analyzing the nature (or identification) of the dispute of delivery of goods without bill of lading, the author thinks that the law applicable to the dispute of delivery of goods without bill of lading should be based on the cause of action (tort or breach of contract) to determine the corresponding conflict norms. At the same time, this paper gives some suggestions on how to prevent the risk caused by the use of bearer bill of lading.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D922.294;D996.19

【相似文献】