论租船合同仲裁条款并入提单的效力

发布时间：2018-02-11 23:41

本文关键词： 仲裁程序法提单并入条款仲裁协议效力向第三人扩张　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国际贸易和航运实践中经常要遇到提单并入租船合同仲裁条款是否有效并入的问题,这决定当事人能否提起仲裁以及在哪里提起仲裁,也决定着生效的仲裁裁决能不能在一国得到承认与执行。我国法律在对这一问题上规定得比较原则和笼统,不能满足我国的航运及仲裁实践的需要。本文从仲裁程序法的适用的角度,首先论述监督和支持仲裁过程的程序法的适用,通过对有关学说以及国际航运实际的分析,认为仲裁程序法的适用原则应该是尊重当事人意思自治前提下的仲裁地法的适用,在当事人没有选择仲裁程序法以及仲裁地时,才适用法院地法,我国立法也支持了这一原则。程序法的确定并不代表实体法上的规定,所以本文还从提单性质来考虑提并入提单的相关条款的有效性:不论从提单证券性或者是为第三人利益的角度来理解,提单条款为收货人或者是提单持有人设定相应义务的意思表示都能得到确认,因此,只要并入形式恰当,提单并入租船合同的仲裁条款也应当对提单持有人有效,即使非承运人提单持有人没有参与有关条款的制订。但我国海商法对并入的形式关没有规定,在并入形式上,英美法把提单条款做为合同,以合同解释的方法来探知当事人仲裁意思的做法值得借鉴,对我国海商法的有关条款应当加以充实。除从提单性质考虑外,提单并入租船合同仲裁条款是否有效也应该从仲裁法的角度来分析,本文通过分析发现,仲裁协议的效力有向第三人扩张的趋势,从而突破了仲裁法上对于仲裁协议形式的有关“书面”与“签署”的要求,而且这样的扩张有坚实的仲裁实践和理论的支持,在立法上,我国仲裁法的相关规定也顺应了这种趋势。从而得出结论:租船合同仲裁条款并入提单是否有效,要依当事人选择的仲裁程序法来判定,如果没有选定或者选定不明确,可依当事人选定的仲裁地法作为仲裁程序法,若当事人仍未先定仲裁地,才可依法院地法来判定。不论从海商法还是从仲裁法的角度来看,我国法律只要能确定当事人提交仲裁的意思,则均承认并入的效力。
[Abstract]:In the practice of international trade and shipping, the question of whether the bill of lading incorporated into the charter party arbitration clause is valid or not is often encountered, which determines whether and where the parties can initiate arbitration. It also determines whether the arbitral award that comes into force can be recognized and enforced in a single country. This paper, from the point of view of the application of the arbitration procedure law, first discusses the application of the procedural law to supervise and support the arbitration process, through the analysis of the relevant theories and the international shipping practice, which can not meet the needs of our country's shipping and arbitration practice. The author holds that the principle of application of arbitration procedural law should be the application of the law of the place of arbitration on the premise of respecting the autonomy of the parties. When the parties do not choose the law of arbitration procedure and the place of arbitration, the law of forum shall be applied. Our legislation also supports this principle. The determination of procedural law does not represent the provisions of substantive law. Therefore, this paper also considers the validity of the relevant clauses incorporated in the bill of lading from the point of view of the nature of the bill of lading, whether from the perspective of the securities of the bill of lading or for the benefit of third parties. The terms of the bill of lading can be confirmed that the terms of the bill of lading impose a corresponding obligation on the consignee or the holder of the bill of lading. So long as the form of incorporation is appropriate, the arbitration clause of the bill of lading incorporated into the charter party shall also be valid for the holder. Even if the holder of the non-carrier bill of lading did not participate in the formulation of the relevant terms, the maritime law of our country did not provide for the form of incorporation. In the form of incorporation, British and American law regards the terms of the bill of lading as a contract. It is worth learning from the method of contract interpretation to find out the parties' intention of arbitration, and to enrich the relevant articles of China's maritime law, except considering the nature of bill of lading, Whether the arbitration clause of bill of lading is incorporated into charter party should also be analyzed from the angle of arbitration law. This paper finds that the validity of arbitration agreement has a tendency to expand to third party. It breaks through the requirement of "writing" and "signing" in the form of arbitration agreement in arbitration law, and this kind of expansion has solid support of arbitration practice and theory, and in legislation, The relevant provisions of the arbitration law of our country also conform to this trend, so as to draw the conclusion: whether the arbitration clause of charter party contract is incorporated into bill of lading should be judged according to the arbitration procedure law chosen by the parties, if not selected or selected is not clear, It may be decided according to the law of the place of arbitration chosen by the parties as the law of arbitration procedure, and only if the parties have not determined the place of arbitration before the place of arbitration. Whether from the point of view of maritime law or from the angle of arbitration law, As long as the law of our country can confirm the intention of the parties to submit to arbitration, they all recognize the effect of incorporation.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294;D997.4

【引证文献】