海上保险中委付的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 09:28

本文选题：委付　切入点：推定全损　出处：《大连海事大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 海上保险中的委付是海商法中的一项重要制度,在现代各国的海上保险法律与实务中,它是一项已得到普遍确认和适用的法律制度。本文旨在以海上保险中的委付为研究对象,采用海上保险理论和委付的时间相结合为研究手段,阐述委付的基本内容,联系我国委付制度的立法现状,归纳和总结我国立法的某些不足,并提出一些自己的建议。文章的第一部分内容主要是对海上保险委付的一般性概述。通过对委付通知和委付行为的概念的明确,明晰了委付的概念,总结得出委付的法律效力和法律性质。第二部分就有关委付和推定全损展开详细论述。推定全损与委付是一对密不可分的、用以相互平衡海上保险合同双方利益的制度。推定全损的立法目的在于保护被保险人的利益,但在推定全损的情况下,被保险人得到保险人的全额赔偿后,若继续享有对保险标的的权利,会获得额外利益,这与保险法的补偿原则是相违背的,故而为平衡被保险人和保险人之间的利益便出现了委付。第三部分论述保险人对保险标的的权利义务。该部分主要从保险人接受或拒绝委付两个方面来分别论述其对于保险标的的权利及义务关系。第四部分主要讨论了委付制度和代位求偿的关系,及提前解约对委付的影响。委付和代位都是保险人接受权利转移后而采取的一种法律行为,但两者是两种不同性质的法律行为。在保险标的损害严重的情况下,为保护自身的利益,保险人会行使提前解约权,以节省巨额管理费用和高额施救费用的支出。第五部分针对上述论述分析,着重分析我国海商法关于委付制度的有关条款,并对立法修改提出了自己的建议。
[Abstract]:Abandonment in marine insurance is an important system in maritime law. In the law and practice of marine insurance in modern countries, it is a legal system that has been universally recognized and applied. By combining the theory of marine insurance with the time of abandonment, this paper expounds the basic contents of the abandonment, sums up and summarizes some shortcomings of the legislation of our country, and puts forward some suggestions. The first part of this paper is mainly a general overview of marine insurance abandonment. By clarifying the concepts of abandonment notice and act, the author clarifies the concept of abandonment and concludes the legal effect and nature of abandonment. The second part discusses in detail about the abandonment and the presumption of total loss. The constructive total loss and the total loss are closely related to each other. A system for balancing the interests of both parties to a marine insurance contract. The legislative purpose of the presumption of total loss is to protect the interests of the insured, but in the case of a presumption of total loss, the insured receives full compensation from the insurer, If you continue to enjoy the right to the subject matter of insurance, you will get additional benefits, which is contrary to the principle of compensation of the insurance law. The third part discusses the rights and obligations of the insurer to the subject matter of insurance, which mainly discusses the relationship between the rights and obligations of the insurer on the subject matter of insurance from the two aspects of acceptance or refusal of payment by the insurer. Part 4th mainly discusses the relationship between abandonment system and subrogation, and the influence of early termination of contract on abandonment. Both abandonment and subrogation are legal acts taken by the insurer after accepting the transfer of rights. In case of serious damage to the subject matter of insurance, in order to protect their own interests, the insurer will exercise the right to terminate the contract ahead of time, in order to save the expenses of huge administrative expenses and high rescue expenses. In view of the above analysis, part 5th focuses on the analysis of the relevant provisions of China's maritime law concerning the abandonment system, and puts forward its own suggestions for legislative amendment.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D912.28;D912.29

【引证文献】