法定船舶抵押权若干问题初探

发布时间：2018-03-20 01:29

本文选题：法定船舶抵押权　切入点：船舶抵押权　出处：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 法定船舶抵押权是海商法领域比较有特色的制度之一，这项古老的制度对于促进世界航运业的发展具有非常重要的意义，因此研究这一制度对于更好的学习海商法的相关理论知识意义深远。众所周知，船舶主要是为国际贸易服务的，这就使得海商法具有极强的涉外性和国际性。由于各国立法存在差异，适用不同的法律产生的判决结果差别很大。为促进国际航运的发展，国际社会自19世纪以来就致力于法定船舶抵押权的统一问题，并陆续通过了1926年公约、1967年公约和1993年公约。由于我国《海商法》颁布较晚，关于法定船舶抵押权的理论研究还不成熟，在实践中经常出现歧义，为司法上的统一也带来了困难。归根结底，出现这些问题的原因在于我国学术界和司法界对英美法中的制度“Lien”存在误解，导致对法定船舶抵押权——Maritime Lien的理解存在偏差。本文选择法定船舶抵押权为研究对象，以我国《海商法》为基础，结合国际公约和主要海运国家的有关法律，用比较法学的研究方法，力求追本溯源，从对“Lien”的探讨来纠正海商法领域所谓船舶优先权的称谓，从而从一个全新的视角来搞清法定船舶抵押权的性质，在认清法定船舶抵押权的性质的基础上，对相关的内容进行研究。本文第一章首先通过比较分析对法定船舶抵押权进行了正名，指出传统的“船舶优先权”的称谓存在的问题，通过对其正名进一步明确了法定船舶抵押权担保物权的法律性质。第二章利用比较分析的方法对法定船舶抵押权所担保的债权项目进行了分析，并通过国际公约的规定和各国法律的规定指出了债权项目的发展趋势。第三章着重探讨了法定船舶抵押权所担保的债权项目的优先顺位问题，在这部分纠正了优先权项目这一说法，对债权项目的优先顺位从理论上进行了探讨；当法定船舶抵押权与其它担保物权发生竞合时，对何者优先实现的问题也进行了阐述；为弥补法定船舶抵押权存在的不足，建议设立法定船舶抵押权信息批露制度。第四章比较了大陆法系和英美法系中，，法定船舶抵押权行使的程序问题，并对法定船舶抵押权的消灭提出了自己的一些看法。
[Abstract]:Legal ship mortgage is one of the characteristic systems in the field of maritime law. This ancient system is of great significance to promote the development of the world shipping industry. Therefore, the study of this system for a better study of maritime law related theoretical knowledge far-reaching significance. As we all know, ships mainly serve for international trade, which makes maritime law very foreign and international. In order to promote the development of international shipping, the international community has been working since 19th century on the unification of legal mortgage of ships. The Convention of 1926, the Convention of 1967 and the Convention of 1993 have been adopted one after another. Due to the late promulgation of Maritime Law in China, the theoretical research on the legal mortgage of ships is still immature, and there are often ambiguities in practice. In the final analysis, the causes of these problems lie in the misunderstanding of the institution "Lien" in Anglo-American law, which leads to the misunderstanding of the legal mortgage of maritime Lien. This article chooses the legal ship mortgage as the research object, takes our country's Maritime Law as the foundation, unifies the international convention and the main shipping country's related law, uses the comparative law research method, strives to trace back to the source, From the discussion of "Lien" to correct the title of maritime lien in the field of maritime law, so as to find out the nature of legal ship mortgage from a new angle of view, and on the basis of recognizing the nature of legal ship mortgage, In the first chapter of this paper, by comparing and analyzing the title of legal ship mortgage, the author points out the problems existing in the traditional title of "maritime lien". The legal nature of the security right of legal ship mortgage is further clarified through the correction of its name. Chapter two analyzes the items of creditor's rights secured by legal ship mortgage by using the method of comparative analysis. Through the provisions of international conventions and the provisions of national laws, the development trend of creditor's rights projects is pointed out. Chapter three focuses on the priority of creditor's rights guaranteed by legal mortgage of ships. In this part, the claim of priority item is corrected, the priority of creditor's right item is discussed theoretically, when the legal mortgage of ship is competing with other security right, the problem of which priority is realized is also expounded. In order to make up for the deficiency of the legal ship mortgage, it is suggested to establish the disclosure system of the legal ship mortgage. Chapter 4th compares the procedural problems in the exercise of the statutory ship mortgage between the civil law system and the Anglo-American law system. At the same time, it puts forward some views on the elimination of legal ship mortgage.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D912.29;D913

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