中国海上保险保证问题实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 11:02

本文选题：海上保险　切入点：保证　出处：《大连海事大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文是对中国海上保险保证法律制度的实证研究。鉴于我国《海商法》仅对保证制度进行了简略的原则性规定,本文主要从我国海事审判的案例入手进行实证研究,并辅以理论和逻辑分析。通过对我国海上保险保证相关的32个案例进行解读,分析海上保险保证在我国司法实践中的适用状况。同时,通过与英国保险保证制度进行对比分析,结合理论和实践对我国海上保险保证的法律效果进行评价,并对于海上保险保证制度的存废进行探讨;最终提出构建我国海上保险风险变更制度的主张。本文除引言和结论外,一共分为四章进行论述。第一章对中国海上保险明示保证进行了实证分析。首先通过对典型案例的解读,总结出我国司法实践中对保证条款效力主要有明确承认、回避承认和不予承认这三种适用方式和态度,并对我国司法实践中常见的开航日期的保证进行单独研究;其次,分析我国《海商法》和相关司法解释对明示保证的规定;最后,对我国明示保证的适用现状和存在的问题进行了探讨。第二章对中国海上保险默示保证的缺失进行了实证分析。我国法律并未引入默示保证制度,但实践中相关的纠纷仍然存在。首先,对应英国海上保险法规定的三种默示保证,通过对我国实践中船舶不适航、不适货等相关案例进行研究,分析我国实践中海上保险默示保证制度缺失下采取的替代措施,最后将英国默示保证和我国替代措施进行对比研究。第三章对中国海上保险保证违反后果进行了实证研究。首先对比分析中英保险保证违反的制度模式和问题,对我国司法实践中保险保证违反后果的解约模式和除外模式进行分别研究,而后阐述了英国1906年《海上保险法》对于保证严格遵守和保证违反法律后果的规定,并对英国2015年新修订的保险法保证制度的改革进行解读,从而对比分析中英海上保险保证违反的后果模式差异。通过前三章的实证分析和对比分析,第四章对保证制度在我国海上保险法中的存废问题进行了探讨,通过阐述完善现有保证制度的不合理性和废弃保证制度的合理性,主张废弃海上保险保证,构建适应我国理论发展和司法实践的海上保险风险变更制度。
[Abstract]:This paper is an empirical study on the legal system of marine insurance guarantee in China.In view of the fact that the Maritime Law of China only provides the guarantee system in principle, this paper mainly starts with the case of maritime trial in our country and carries on the empirical research with the help of theory and logic analysis.Through the interpretation of 32 cases of marine insurance guarantee in China, this paper analyzes the application of marine insurance guarantee in our country's judicial practice.At the same time, through the comparative analysis with the British insurance guarantee system, combined with the theory and practice to evaluate the legal effect of marine insurance guarantee, and to explore the marine insurance guarantee system;Finally, the author puts forward the idea of constructing the change system of marine insurance risk in our country.In addition to the introduction and conclusions, this paper is divided into four chapters.The first chapter makes an empirical analysis on express warranty of marine insurance in China.First of all, through the interpretation of typical cases, it concludes that there are three kinds of applicable ways and attitudes in judicial practice of our country, namely, clear recognition of the validity of the guarantee clause, avoidance of recognition and non-recognition.And to our country judicial practice common sailing date guarantee carries on the separate research; secondly, analyzes our country "the maritime law" and the related judicial explanation to the express guarantee stipulation; finally,The present situation and existing problems of express warranty in China are discussed.The second chapter makes an empirical analysis on the lack of implied warranty in China's marine insurance.The implied guarantee system has not been introduced into Chinese law, but the related disputes still exist in practice.First of all, in response to the three implied warranties stipulated in the British Marine Insurance Law, through the study of the ship unseaworthiness, unfit cargo and other relevant cases in our practice, this paper analyzes the alternative measures taken under the absence of the implied warranty system of marine insurance in our country's practice.In the end, the author makes a comparative study between the implied guarantee of Britain and the alternative measures of our country.Chapter three makes an empirical study on the consequences of breach of warranty of marine insurance in China.First of all, by comparing and analyzing the system patterns and problems of the breach of insurance guarantee between China and Britain, the author makes a separate study on the mode of termination and the exception mode of the breach of insurance guarantee in judicial practice in China.Then it expounds the provisions of the Maritime Insurance Act of 1906 on the guarantee of strict compliance with and the consequences of breach of the law, and interprets the reform of the guarantee system of the newly revised insurance law in Britain in 2015.Thus, the difference of the consequence mode of the breach of marine insurance guarantee between China and Britain is compared and analyzed.Through the empirical analysis and comparative analysis of the first three chapters, the fourth chapter discusses the retention and abolition of the guarantee system in China's marine insurance law, and expounds the irrationality of the existing guarantee system and the rationality of the abandoned guarantee system.This paper proposes to abandon the guarantee of marine insurance and to construct a system of risk alteration of marine insurance which adapts to the development of our country's theory and judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.284;D922.294

【相似文献】