海难救助中特别补偿制度之研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 06:39

本文选题：海难救助 + 特别补偿　；参考：《上海海事大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 特别补偿(Special Compensation)是当代海难救助法律制度发展的最重要表现。自《1989年国际救助公约》(《International Convention on Salvage, 1989》)实施该制度以来,司法实践中暴露出诸多不足,需要对其进行完善。本文对特别补偿制度作了评析和研究,重点分析特别补偿制度存在的问题,并在此基础上对《中华人民共和国海商法》(以下简称《海商法》)中特别补偿制度提出修改建议。第1章介绍特别补偿制度的由来。特别补偿制度随着海难救助实践的发展而产生,是传统的"无效果,无报酬"(no cure, no pay)的例外规定。Lloyd's StandardForm of Salvage Agreement 1980 (LOF 80)的"安全网条款"(Salty Net Clause)是特别补偿确立的基础,《1989年国际救助公约》在各利益方妥协中正式确立特别补偿制度。第2章重点分析了《1989年国际救助公约》和我国《海商法》中特别补偿规定存在的问题,并对《海商法》中的特别补偿规定与公约规定的特别补偿规定进行比较分析。第3章重点对船东互保协会特别补偿条款(Special Compensation PI ClubClause: SCOPIC)进行了分析。SCOPIC为了解决特别补偿制度在实践中遇到问题而产生,对特别补偿制度的某些方面作出了改进,包括起止时间的确定、公平费率的适用等,简化了特别补偿的计算,但在实践中仍然存在问题。第4章评价了特别补偿制度的价值。特别补偿制度旨在鼓励救助人对构成环境损害威胁的船舶或其所载货物进行救助、保护海洋环境。特别补偿制度是现代海难救助法律的进步,但海难救助实践的发展对特别补偿提出了新的要求。第5章基于前文分析,对《海商法》中特别补偿的规定提出了修改的建议。
[Abstract]:Special compensation is the most important manifestation of the development of the legal system of salvage at sea. Since the implementation of the International Convention on Salvage Convention (1989), the judicial practice has exposed many deficiencies, which need to be perfected. In this paper, the special compensation system is evaluated and studied, and the problems existing in the special compensation system are emphatically analyzed. On this basis, suggestions are put forward to amend the special compensation system in the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Maritime Law"). Chapter 1 introduces the origin of special compensation system. With the development of the practice of salvage at sea, the special compensation system is a traditional "ineffective" system. The "safety net clause" of Lloyds StandardForm of Salvage Agreement 1980 / LOF80) is the basis for the establishment of special compensation, and the 1989 International Salvage Convention formalizes the special compensation system among various stakeholders. Chapter 2 focuses on the analysis of the problems existing in the special compensation provisions in the 1989 International Salvage Convention and the Maritime Law of China, and makes a comparative analysis between the special compensation provisions in the Maritime Law and the special compensation provisions under the Convention. Chapter 3 focuses on the analysis of Special Compensation Pi ClubClause: SCOPICIC (Special Compensation Pi ClubClause.SCOPIC). In order to solve the problems encountered in the practice of the special compensation system, some aspects of the special compensation system have been improved. It simplifies the calculation of special compensation, including the determination of starting and ending time and the application of fair rate, but there are still some problems in practice. Chapter 4 evaluates the value of special compensation system. The special compensation system is designed to encourage salvors to salvage ships or their cargo that pose a threat of environmental damage and to protect the marine environment. The special compensation system is the progress of the modern maritime salvage law, but the development of the practice of salvage at sea puts forward new requirements for special compensation. Chapter 5, based on the above analysis, puts forward some suggestions to amend the special compensation in Maritime Law.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D996.19;D922.294

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