莱州湾及日照近岸海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃（PAHs）的生态风险分析及来源研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:22

  本文选题：表层沉积物 + 多环芳烃　； 参考：《中国海洋大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文调查分析了莱州湾及日照近岸表层沉积物中PAHs的含量分布特征及污染状况,并利用主成分分析法研究沉积物中PAHs主要污染源,为研究区域PAHs的污染控制提供理论基础。通过概率风险分析法预测了莱州湾及日照近岸海域沉积物中单组分PAHs的生态风险;并应用平均可能浓度商法(M-ERM-Q)和有机碳归一化法评价研究区域沉积物中PAHs的综合生态风险,为风险管理者根据受危害的物种比例确定保护水平提供一定基础数据,从而保护生态环境和人体健康。 莱州湾表层沉积物中16种PAHs总量为23.03～327.53ng/g。除L02和L03站位外,其它15个站位样品中PAHs含量特征较为相似。各站位的萘、菲、荧蒽、芘、芴、苊烯6种PAHs所占的比例超过了16种优控PAHs总量的70%。莱州湾沉积物有机碳含量在0.41～0.90%之间;各站位颗粒组成差别较大。莱州湾PAHs含量与有机碳含量、粘粒及粉砂之间被视为无相关性。 日照近岸海域表层沉积物中PAHs总量为76.38～27512.02ng/g,除R5和R12站位外,其它10个站位样品中PAHs含量特征较为相似。10个站位2～3环PAHs所占的比例约为16种优控PAHs总量的70%。在R5站位,4～6环PAHs含量较高。在R12站位,2～3环PAHs占总量的57.71%。日照近岸海域沉积物有机碳含量在0.09～0.79%之间;有机碳含量在研究区域内差异性较大。日照近岸PAHs含量与有机碳含量、粘粒及粉砂之间被视为无相关性。 应用主成分分析法分析莱州湾及日照近岸表层沉积物中PAHs来源,结果表明莱州湾表层沉积物中PAHs的主要污染来源是燃油、燃煤、木柴燃烧和油类泄漏;三个主成分分别解释了总方差的47.78%、20.96%和12.17%。日照近岸海域表层沉积物中PAHs的主要来源为燃油、燃煤、木柴燃烧和油类泄漏;三个主成分分别解释了总方差的62.92%、17.69%和8.24%。 概率密度函数重叠面积和联合概率曲线2种风险评价方法均表明莱州湾表层沉积物中9种PAHs发生生态风险的可能性比较小。就总体风险而言,芘反映出相对较大的生态风险,苊烯风险最小;从少部分物种受危害的概率看,当5%和10%的生物物种受到危害时,屈超过影响边界的概率最大。在日照近岸,概率密度函数重叠面积法和联合概率曲线均表明芘、屈、荧蒽和菲具有较高的生态风险,其中芘发生生态风险的可能性最大;芴、苊、蒽、苊烯和萘发生生态风险的可能性比较小,苊烯最小。从少部分物种受危害的概率看,屈超过影响边界的概率最大,芘次之。除萘外,日照近岸8种PAHs的风险均大于莱州湾表层沉积物中相应PAHs的生态风险。 MERM-Q法和有机碳归一化法均表明莱州湾表层沉积物中PAHs具有较低的综合生态风险,各站位的MERM-Q均小于0.1,表明莱州湾表层沉积物中PAHs发生综合生态风险的可能性较低。在日照近岸海域,平均效应区间中值商法和有机碳归一化法评价结果均显示:R5站位表层沉积物可能存在相对较高的生态风险,其它海域表层沉积物具有潜在生态风险的可能性较低;平均效应区间中值商法评价结果显示:R5站位表层沉积物发生毒性可能性为50%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the distribution and pollution of PAHs in the surface sediments of Laizhou Bay and Rizhao near shore are investigated and analyzed. The main source of PAHs pollution in the sediments is studied by principal component analysis, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of the pollution control of regional PAHs. Through the probability risk analysis method, the sediment of the coastal waters of the Laizhou Bay and the sunshine near shore is predicted. The ecological risk of a medium single component PAHs, and the evaluation of the comprehensive ecological risk of PAHs in the study area by means of average possible concentration of commercial method (M-ERM-Q) and organic carbon normalization method, provide some basic data for risk managers to determine the level of protection according to the proportion of endangered species, thus protecting the ecological environment and human health.
The total amount of 16 kinds of PAHs in the surface sediments of Laizhou Bay is 23.03 ~ 327.53ng/g. except L02 and L03 stations. The contents of PAHs in the other 15 station samples are similar. The 6 PAHs of naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, fluorene and acenenene in each station are more than 16 kinds of 70%. Laizhou Bay sediments, and the organic carbon content is between 0.41 and 0.90%. There was a great difference in grain composition at each station. There was no correlation between PAHs content and organic carbon content, clay and silt in Laizhou Bay.
The total amount of PAHs in the surface sediments of the nearshore coastal waters is 76.38 ~ 27512.02ng/g, except for the R5 and R12 stations, and the PAHs content of the other 10 stations is similar to that of the.10 station 2~3 ring PAHs, and the proportion of 70%. at the total total of 16 PAHs is at the R5 station, and the 4~6 ring PAHs content is higher. At the R12 station, 2~3 rings occupy the total amount. The content of organic carbon in the sediments of the Rizhao coastal waters is between 0.09 and 0.79%, and the content of organic carbon in the study area is larger than that in the study area. The content of PAHs in the nearshore sunshine is not correlated with the content of organic carbon, and between the clay and silt.
The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the PAHs sources in the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay and the Rizhao near shore. The results showed that the main sources of PAHs pollution in the surface sediments of the Laizhou bay were fuel, coal, firewood combustion and oil leakage, and the three principal components explained the total variance of 47.78%, 20.96% and 12.17%. in the surface sediments of the coastal waters of PAHs, respectively. The main sources were fuel oil, coal combustion, wood combustion and oil leakage. The three principal components explained 62.92%, 17.69% and 8.24%. of the total variance respectively.
The probability density function overlap area and the joint probability curve 2 risk assessment methods all show that the possibility of 9 PAHs ecological risks in the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay is relatively small. As to the overall risk, pyrene reflects relatively large ecological risk, the risk of acenenene is the smallest; from the probability of species being harmed by a few species, 5% and 10% are the creatures. In the near shore, the probability density function overlap area method and the joint probability curve show that pyrene, flexion, fluoranthene and phenanthrene have high ecological risk, and the possibility of pyrene ecological risk is the greatest; the possibility of the ecological risk of fluorene, acenenacenacenene, anthracenene and naphthalene is smaller, aceneno From the probability of a few species being harmed, the probability of over affecting the boundary is the largest, and pyrene is the second. In addition to naphthalene, the risk of 8 kinds of PAHs in the nearshore sunshine is greater than the ecological risk of the corresponding PAHs in the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay.
The MERM-Q method and the organic carbon normalization method all show that the PAHs in the surface sediments of Laizhou Bay has a low comprehensive ecological risk, and the MERM-Q of each station is less than 0.1. It shows that the possibility of PAHs comprehensive ecological risk in the surface sediments of the Laizhou Bay is lower. The results show that the surface sediments in the R5 station may have relatively high ecological risk, and the potential ecological risk of the surface sediments in other sea areas is lower. The mean effect interval middle value commercial method evaluation results show that the toxicity of surface sediments in the R5 station is 50%.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：X55

【引证文献】

相关期刊论文 前1条

1 吴艳阳;吴群河;罗昊;张恒军;吴英海;张仁铎;许振成;;沉积物中多环芳烃的生态风险评价法研究[J];环境科学学报;2013年02期

相关硕士学位论文 前4条

1 陈卫锋;闽江福州段沉积物中多环芳烃的分布、来源及其生态风险研究[D];福建师范大学;2011年

2 高锦锋;雷州半岛近海海域多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布特征、来源与风险[D];广东海洋大学;2011年

3 周华;渤海典型海域沉积物油指纹特征研究[D];中国海洋大学;2012年

4 刘澍;多环芳烃水溶液的表面增强拉曼光谱研究[D];中国海洋大学;2012年

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