我国公司法定代表人制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 16:25

本文选题：法人 + 法定代表人　；参考：《湘潭大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国公司法定代表人制度是一项具有中国特色的法人代表权制度,与中国其他法律制度一样,其产生、形成和发展不仅包含了逻辑和理性的因素,而且更多地受到了历史和现实诸多因素的影响。我国公司法定代表人制度从设立之初到现在,虽然已经历多次改革,但是在现行的立法规定上仍然存在着很多不足,主要体现在公司法定代表人制度实体规定不足和程序规定不足两个方面。立法上的不完善导致的后果是,代表人制度在实际运作中存在诸多弊端:法定代表人的专权;违背私法自治原则;不利于交易相对方以及公司本身利益的保护;代表权滥用现象层出不尽穷等等。笔者认为公司法定代表人制度存在不足的原因主要是理论准备不充分。在法律地位与作用上,将代表人与董事长、执行董事、经理以及代理人等同和混淆;对代表人的主体地位缺乏充分认识,将其仅仅定位于民商事法律关系主体、行政法律关系或刑事法律关系主体,而忽视代表人的经济法主体地位;对代表人的人性特点缺乏关注,忽视代表人的权益;对代表权的私权属性也认识不够。世界其他国家关于公司代表制度之立法模式及相应的具体法律规定,对于确定如何完善我国公司法定代表人制度,具有重要的借鉴意义。西方国家对于代表权的设置一般采取共同代表制、单一代表制以及约定代表制三种模式,笔者认为我国的公司法定代表人制度可主要借鉴大陆法系的代表权制度模式,将代表权赋予董事会和董事,取消经理的代表权,同时由公司章程、股东大会或董事会决议来决定代表权行使的具体方式。同时在确定制度模式的基础之上完善公司法定代表人制度的基本内容:完善代表人产生的条件和程序规定;完善代表人的权利、义务以及责任的相关规定,并在监督程序上加强对代表人行为的制约。总而言之,完善我国现行的公司法定代表人制度不仅有利于现代化公司治理理念的创新与发展,同时也有利于维护交易的安全与效率,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:The legal representative system of our company is a legal person representation system with Chinese characteristics. Like other legal systems in China, its emergence, formation and development not only contain logical and rational factors. And more by the history and reality of many factors. Since the establishment of the legal representative system of companies in China, although it has undergone many reforms, there are still many deficiencies in the current legislative provisions. Mainly embodies in the company legal representative system entity stipulation insufficiency and the procedure stipulation insufficiency two aspects. The result of the imperfect legislation is that the representative system has many disadvantages in the actual operation: the exclusive power of the legal representative, the violation of the principle of autonomy of private law, the unfavorable protection of the relative party of the transaction and the interests of the company itself; The phenomenon of abuse of representation is endless and so on. The author believes that the main reason for the deficiency of the legal representative system is that the theory is not fully prepared. In the legal status and function, the representative and the chairman, the executive director, the manager and the agent are equated and confused, and the representative lacks a full understanding of the principal position of the representative, which is only defined as the subject of civil and commercial legal relations. Administrative legal relationship or criminal legal relationship subject, but ignore the representative's economic law subject status; lack of attention to the human nature of the representative, ignore the representative's rights and interests, and lack of understanding of the private rights attribute of representation. Other countries in the world about the legislative model of the company representative system and the corresponding specific legal provisions, for the determination of how to improve the legal representative system of our company, has an important reference significance. The western countries generally adopt the common representation system, the single representative system and the agreed representation system for the establishment of the representation system. The author thinks that the corporate legal representative system of our country can mainly draw lessons from the representation system model of the civil law system. Assign representation to the board of directors and directors, cancel the representation of the manager, and determine the specific manner of exercising the representation by the articles of association, shareholders' general meeting, or the resolution of the board of directors. At the same time, on the basis of determining the system model, the basic contents of the legal representative system of the company should be improved: the conditions and procedural provisions of the representative generation, the rights, obligations and responsibilities of the representative should be improved, and the relevant provisions on the rights, obligations and responsibilities of the representative should be improved. And in the supervision procedure to strengthen the representative behavior restriction. In a word, perfecting the current legal representative system is not only conducive to the innovation and development of the modern corporate governance concept, but also conducive to maintaining the security and efficiency of the transaction, which is of great theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】