论海上油污损害赔偿

发布时间：2018-05-05 04:37

本文选题：海上 + 油污　；参考：《中国政法大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球航运事业的迅猛发展，发生在海洋上的各类大小不一的船舶油类污染事故对海洋生态环境正造成越来越大的破坏。我国作为一个拥有丰富海洋资源的沿海大国，近年来船舶油类污染事故时有发生，，尽管国际上的《1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约》和《1971年设立国际油污损害赔偿基金公约》已经生效，明确提出对由于船舶溢出或排放油类造成污染而遭受损害的人员给予适当的赔偿;我国的《海洋环境保护法》、《防止船舶污染海域管理条例》和《海洋环境管理条例》等海洋环境保护法律体系也对船舶油类污染损害赔偿问题都做出了明确的规定，但具体落实起来难度较大。本文试图从分析目前我国船舶油类污染损害处理的现状与存在的问题人手，提出建立油类污染损害赔偿机制的迫切性与具体设想，以期为落实油污损害赔偿、遏制船舶油污事故的发生和切实保护海洋生态环境发挥作用。本文针对当前我国沿海运输船舶油污损害赔偿无专门立法的情况，分析了《1969国际油污损害民事责任公约》、《1971基金公约》、《海环法》、《海商法》等对沿海运输船舶油污损害赔偿的规定，并在此基础上对海上油污损害的涵义、海上油损的特点、海上油损责任、海上油损的赔偿和我国现在应采取的措施进行了论述，得出的结论是我国应当参考美国等国家的油污损害赔偿制度，建立油污损害赔偿基金制度、船东油污责任限制制度以及强制保险制度，并提出了探索性建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the global shipping industry, various kinds of marine oil pollution accidents in the ocean are causing more and more damage to the marine ecological environment. As a large coastal country with rich marine resources, China has experienced oil pollution accidents from time to time in recent years. Despite the entry into force of the International Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage of 1969 and the Convention establishing the International Fund for compensation for Oil pollution damage of 1971, To make it clear that appropriate compensation should be paid to persons who have suffered damage as a result of pollution caused by the spill or discharge of oil from ships; The marine environment protection laws of China, the regulations on the Prevention of Marine pollution and the regulations on the Management of Marine Environment have also made clear provisions on the compensation for damage caused by marine oil pollution. But the concrete implementation is difficult. Based on the analysis of the present situation and existing problems of oil pollution damage treatment in China, this paper puts forward the urgency and concrete idea of establishing the compensation mechanism for oil pollution damage, in order to realize the compensation for oil pollution damage. Containment of oil pollution accidents and effective protection of marine ecological environment play a role. In view of the fact that there is no special legislation on the compensation for oil pollution damage caused by coastal transport ships in China, this paper analyzes the provisions of the 1969 International Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage, the 1971 Fund Convention, the Sea Environment Law, the Maritime Law, and so on. On this basis, the meaning of oil pollution damage at sea, the characteristics of oil loss at sea, the liability for oil loss at sea, the compensation for oil damage at sea and the measures to be taken by our country are discussed. The conclusion is that our country should refer to the oil pollution compensation system of the United States and other countries, establish the oil pollution damage compensation fund system, the shipowner oil pollution liability limitation system and the compulsory insurance system, and put forward some exploratory suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：D996.19

【引证文献】