论清末公司立法

发布时间：2018-05-28 07:58

本文选题：清末 + 公司立法　；参考：《安徽大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：清末公司立法是清末商事立法乃至整个清末修律活动中不可或缺的重要组成部分,也是中国近代公司立法史上的首次立法尝试。作为一次具有划时代意义的立法实践,其所产生的深远影响是不容小觑的。为了能够科学合理地评价和定位此次立法的历史价值,本文作者选择从法律史学的角度,对这段立法进行了较为全面地回顾和考察,对所涉及到的主要方面,包括立法的时代背景、具体的立法实践以及特点和历史影响等,均给予了关注和阐述,旨在理清有关于此次公司立法的前后线索,把握住当时的时代脉络,以期对这场立法能有一个较为全面的考察。公司立法之所以在二十世纪初才被提上国家的立法日程,有其多方面的原因。一方面,商事公司于十九世纪中后期才传入中国并得到一定的发展,商事公司的规范化运作在客观上产生了对立法的需求;另一方面,法律意识的出现及加强也为立法提供了思想上的支持,而这一时期,清政府对待商事活动态度的变化则为公司这种商事组织能够进行相关立法提供了契机。纵观清末的公司立法活动,共历时八年,依照其发展顺序,以1906年底官制改革为界,可以作前后两个阶段的划分:从1903年到1907年是第一阶段;从1907年到1911年为第二阶段。就立法的每一阶段而言,具体又呈现出各自不同的特点:第一阶段的立法表现出单一性,主要是颁布一些应急的单行法,《公司律》的制定成为此间立法的重点,这也是公司法在中国的首次亮相,立法中侧重对外国公司法的效仿,这为后一阶段移植西法做了重要铺垫;第二阶段是在制定商法典的基础上展开的,由于采用了民商分立的立法模式,公司法构成商律草案的一个重要组成部分,这一阶段从立法机构的设置上、立法参与者的构成上及内容的考虑上较之前一阶段的立法更为立体、系统和丰富。在清政府聘请外国专家参与起草公司法的同时,民间商会也积极作出回应,抵触脱离实际的商律草案,并在商法大会上就公司法草案的拟订展开讨论,由此形成的建议为官方立法提供了重要依据。通过对上述立法实践的考察,笔者认为清末公司立法主要呈现出以下几个方面的特点:从宏观上看,立法具有应急性和超前性的一面,并且是在民商分立的
[Abstract]:The company legislation of the late Qing Dynasty is an indispensable part of the commercial legislation of the late Qing Dynasty and the whole law revision activity of the late Qing Dynasty, and it is also the first legislative attempt in the history of modern Chinese company legislation. As an epoch-making legislative practice, its profound influence should not be underestimated. In order to evaluate and position the historical value of this legislation scientifically and reasonably, the author chooses to review and investigate the legislation from the angle of legal history, and the main aspects involved. Including the background of the legislation, the specific legislative practice, characteristics and historical influence, and so on. The purpose of this paper is to clear up the clues before and after the legislation of the company, and to grasp the context of the times at that time. With a view to this legislation can have a more comprehensive investigation. There are many reasons why corporate legislation was put on the national legislative agenda in the early 20 th century. On the one hand, commercial companies were only introduced into China in the middle and late 19th century and developed to a certain extent, and the standardized operation of commercial companies objectively produced a demand for legislation; on the other hand, The emergence and strengthening of legal consciousness also provided ideological support for the legislation, and during this period, the change of the Qing government's attitude towards commercial activities provided an opportunity for the company, the commercial organization, to carry out relevant legislation. According to the order of its development and the official system reform at the end of 1906, it can be divided into two stages: from 1903 to 1907 is the first stage, and from 1907 to 1911 is the second stage. As far as each stage of the legislation is concerned, it presents its own different characteristics: the first stage of the legislation shows a singularity, mainly the promulgation of some emergency laws, and the enactment of the "Company Law" has become the focus of the legislation here. This is also the first appearance of the Company Law in China. In the legislation, the emphasis is placed on the imitation of the foreign company law, which makes an important foreshadowing for the later stage of transplanting the Western Law. The second stage is based on the formulation of the Commercial Code. As a result of the adoption of the legislative model of separation of civil and commercial enterprises, the company law constitutes an important part of the draft commercial law. In this stage, the legislature is set up. The composition and content of the legislative participants are more stereoscopic, systematic and abundant than the previous legislation. While the Qing government invited foreign experts to participate in the drafting of the company law, the private chambers of commerce responded positively, contradicting the draft commercial law that was divorced from the actual situation, and began discussions on the drafting of the draft company law at the commercial law conference. The resulting recommendations provide an important basis for official legislation. Through the investigation of the above legislative practice, the author thinks that the company legislation of the late Qing Dynasty mainly presents the following characteristics: from the macro point of view, the legislation has an acute and forward side, and is separated in the civil and commercial sectors.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D922.291.91;D929

【引证文献】