罗马商法及其与“民法”的合一——以优士丁尼《法学阶梯》为考察对象

发布时间：2018-06-17 22:27

本文选题：民法 + 商法　；参考：《法制与社会发展》2017年05期

【摘要】：民商合一是18世纪后拥有了部门法观念以后的命题。古罗马的市民法是世俗法的整体,天然地包括商法。罗马商法分为商事企业法和商事行为法。罗马商人阶层的地位相对低下以及民法的极大灵活性使罗马商法没有独立。民法仁慈而商法严苛,法律的仁慈化损害了商事活动的效率和精确,为求自保,中世纪强势的商人阶级打造了独立的商人法。商人法的诞生不等于商法的诞生,只是特定形式的商法的诞生。民商合一包括立法合一、司法合一和教学合一三个方面,没有哪个国家实现了以上三个合一。
[Abstract]:The integration of civil and commercial people was a proposition after the concept of branch law was established in the 18 th century. The civil law of ancient Rome was the whole of secular law, which naturally included commercial law. Roman commercial law is divided into commercial enterprise law and commercial behavior law. The relative low status of Roman merchant class and the great flexibility of civil law made Roman commercial law not independent. The merciful nature of civil law and strict commercial law damaged the efficiency and accuracy of commercial activities. In order to protect themselves, the powerful merchant class in the Middle Ages created independent merchant law. The birth of merchant law is not the birth of commercial law, but the birth of specific form of commercial law. The integration of civil and commercial affairs includes legislative unity, judicial unity and teaching unity. No country has realized the above three unity.
【作者单位】：厦门大学法学院;
【分类号】：D904.1

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