光船租赁下船舶碰撞责任主体问题研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 10:08
【摘要】：本文以光船租赁下的船舶碰撞责任主体为研究对象,通过分析我国当前法律和司法解释的相关规定,指出其目前存在的问题,并结合侵权法的一般原则和外国的相关立法有针对性地提出自己的观点。本文共分为三章。第一章是对船舶碰撞责任主体问题的概述。首先可以确定的是我国《海商法》下规定的"船舶"并不能成为真正的责任主体,确定船舶碰撞的责任主体还是需要落到人的身上。根据侵权法理论,这其中需要坚持两个原则——替代责任原则与管理和控制船舶原则,并对其关系进行阐述。第二章是对光船租赁下船舶碰撞责任主体的具体分析。首先根据当代航运实践与我国的法律法规,并结合外国的相关立法,得出光船出租下的船舶碰撞可能涉及的责任主体可以分为四类:船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶经营人与船舶管理人。然后根据第一章中得出的两个原则分别对这四个主体进行分析,在明确了这四者在船舶碰撞中的主体地位与需要承担责任的情况后,还需要对这四者之间的关系进行区分。首先是确定存在多个主体时各主体之间责任分担问题,由此更进一步可以得出他们之间的责任形态不应该是连带责任。第三章是对完善我国相关规定的分析。从上文的分析可以发现光船租赁的情况下船舶所有人一般不能成为船舶碰撞的责任主体。这可能会带来法律规避的问题,解决之道,笔者认为就是在一定程度上扩大船舶所有人对光租船舶发生碰撞需要承担的责任。具体依据包括德国的间接侵权制度和美国的对物诉讼制度,在吸收这些制度中合理精神的同时,结合侵权责任法的法理依据,从实体和程序两个方面对我国的相关规定提出建议。
[Abstract]:Taking the subject of collision liability under bareboat charter as the research object, this paper points out the existing problems by analyzing the relevant provisions of our country's current law and judicial interpretation. Combined with the general principles of tort law and the relevant legislation of foreign countries to put forward their own point of view. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the subject of ship collision liability. First of all, it can be determined that the "ship" stipulated under the Maritime Law of our country can not become the real subject of responsibility, and that the subject of the ship collision still needs to fall on the human body. According to the theory of tort law, it is necessary to insist on two principles: the principle of substitute liability and the principle of management and control of ships, and the relationship between them is expounded. The second chapter is the detailed analysis of the subject of collision responsibility under bareboat charter. First of all, according to the contemporary shipping practice and the laws and regulations of our country, combined with the relevant legislation of foreign countries, it is concluded that the subject of liability involved in ship-collision under bareboat charter can be divided into four categories: ship owner, bareboat charterer, ship-owner, bareboat charterer. Ship operators and ship managers. Then according to the two principles obtained in the first chapter, the four subjects are analyzed separately. After clarifying the status of the four subjects in ship collision and the situation that they need to bear responsibility, the relationship between the four subjects should be distinguished. The first is to determine the problem of responsibility sharing between different subjects when there are many subjects, and it can be further concluded that the form of responsibility between them should not be joint and several liability. The third chapter is to perfect our country the related regulation analysis. From the above analysis, it can be found that under the condition of bareboat charter, the owner of the ship cannot generally become the main body responsible for ship collision. This may bring about the problem of law evasion and solve the problem. The author thinks that to a certain extent, the responsibility of ship owner for collision of light chartered ship should be expanded. The specific basis includes the indirect tort system of Germany and the United States system of action in rem. While absorbing the reasonable spirit of these systems, it combines the legal basis of the tort liability law. From the entity and the procedure two aspects to our country's related stipulation puts forward the proposal.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.294
本文编号：2137052
[Abstract]:Taking the subject of collision liability under bareboat charter as the research object, this paper points out the existing problems by analyzing the relevant provisions of our country's current law and judicial interpretation. Combined with the general principles of tort law and the relevant legislation of foreign countries to put forward their own point of view. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the subject of ship collision liability. First of all, it can be determined that the "ship" stipulated under the Maritime Law of our country can not become the real subject of responsibility, and that the subject of the ship collision still needs to fall on the human body. According to the theory of tort law, it is necessary to insist on two principles: the principle of substitute liability and the principle of management and control of ships, and the relationship between them is expounded. The second chapter is the detailed analysis of the subject of collision responsibility under bareboat charter. First of all, according to the contemporary shipping practice and the laws and regulations of our country, combined with the relevant legislation of foreign countries, it is concluded that the subject of liability involved in ship-collision under bareboat charter can be divided into four categories: ship owner, bareboat charterer, ship-owner, bareboat charterer. Ship operators and ship managers. Then according to the two principles obtained in the first chapter, the four subjects are analyzed separately. After clarifying the status of the four subjects in ship collision and the situation that they need to bear responsibility, the relationship between the four subjects should be distinguished. The first is to determine the problem of responsibility sharing between different subjects when there are many subjects, and it can be further concluded that the form of responsibility between them should not be joint and several liability. The third chapter is to perfect our country the related regulation analysis. From the above analysis, it can be found that under the condition of bareboat charter, the owner of the ship cannot generally become the main body responsible for ship collision. This may bring about the problem of law evasion and solve the problem. The author thinks that to a certain extent, the responsibility of ship owner for collision of light chartered ship should be expanded. The specific basis includes the indirect tort system of Germany and the United States system of action in rem. While absorbing the reasonable spirit of these systems, it combines the legal basis of the tort liability law. From the entity and the procedure two aspects to our country's related stipulation puts forward the proposal.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.294
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