海上重复保险通知义务研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 10:09

【摘要】：重复保险通知义务在现行法律中只在《中华人民共和国保险法》(以下简称《保险法》)第56条有一句原则性的规定,即投保人应当通知各保险人关于重复保险的相关情况。海上重复保险通知义务在《中华人民共和国海商法》(以下简称《海商法》)中一点也没有涉及。而《保险法》第182条指出《海商法》未作规定的事项,适用《保险法》的相关规定。那么,这里就产生了两个问题,是否海上重复保险通知义务就当然适用《保险法》的规定呢?如果适用,具体又将如何适用?为此,本文对该义务进行了研究,共分为五章。第一章是对通知义务的概述。从该义务的立法目的入手,进一步分析了该义务的法律适用,然后对该义务的特殊性进行了研究,最后分析是否所有的海上保险类型都会有可能会适用通知义务。第二章对通知义务的法律性质进行了研究。首先在法理上对该义务进行了性质界定,根据民事义务的三种分类标准,笔者认为其属于附随义务,法定义务和积极义务;然后将其与海上保险法中的其它义务进行了比较。第三章对通知义务的主体进行了研究。首先分析了立法和实践是认可海上保险中投保人与被保险人不一致的,指出两者不一致时谁是义务主体这一争议;其次分析主体争议产生的原因;最后结合海上重复保险的复杂情况,研究CIF下卖方投保和货运代理投保时谁是义务主体。第四章对通知义务如何履行进行了研究。该章分析了通知的时间,通知的方式,通知的对象和通知的具体内容,该章会对比其他国家和地区不同的立法例,并且结合学者的观点,得出这些立法和观点对我国的借鉴之处。第五章对违反通知义务的法律后果进行了研究。该章首先分析违反该义务的构成要件,分别从主观和客观两个角度进行分析;其次分析我国理论界的学说和其它国家和地区不同的立法例在违反通知义务法律后果上不同的法律设置;最后笔者从《海商法》第225条的规定着手,对我国违反该义务的法律后果提出相关的立法建议。
[Abstract]:In the current law, the obligation of notice of duplicate insurance is only stipulated in Article 56 of the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "the Insurance Law"), that is, the policyholder shall inform the insurer of the relevant circumstances of duplicate insurance. The obligation of notice of marine duplicate insurance is not involved at all in the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Maritime Law"). Article 182 of the Insurance Law states that matters not provided for in the Maritime Law shall be governed by the relevant provisions of the Insurance Law. Then, there are two questions, whether the marine duplicate insurance notice obligation is naturally applicable to the provisions of the Insurance Law? If so, how will it be applied specifically? Therefore, this article carries on the research to this duty, altogether divides into five chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the obligation to notify. Starting with the legislative purpose of the obligation, this paper further analyzes the legal application of the obligation, and then studies the particularity of the obligation, and finally analyzes whether all types of marine insurance will be liable to the obligation of notice. The second chapter studies the legal nature of the obligation of notification. According to the three classification standards of civil obligation, the author thinks that it belongs to collateral obligation, legal obligation and positive obligation, and then compares it with other obligations in marine insurance law. The third chapter studies the subject of the obligation of notification. Firstly, the author analyzes that the legislation and practice agree that the insured and the insured are inconsistent in marine insurance, and points out the dispute of who is the subject of obligation when the two are inconsistent, and then analyzes the reasons for the dispute between the subject and the insured. Finally, combined with the complex situation of marine duplicate insurance, the author studies who is the subject of the obligation when the seller and the freight forwarder insure under CIF. Chapter four studies how to fulfill the obligation of notification. This chapter analyzes the time of notification, the manner of notification, the object of notification and the specific content of the notice. Get these legislation and point of view to our country draw lessons from the place. Chapter five studies the legal consequences of breach of the obligation of notification. This chapter first analyzes the constitutive elements of the breach of the obligation, respectively from the subjective and objective perspectives of the analysis; Secondly, the author analyzes the different legal settings in the legal consequences of breach of the obligation of notification from the theory of our country and different legislations in other countries and regions. Finally, the author starts with the provisions of Article 225 of the Maritime Law. To our country violates this obligation the legal consequence puts forward the related legislation suggestion.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.284;D922.294

【相似文献】