论强制性规范与合同效力的关系

发布时间：2018-07-26 16:17

【摘要】：《合同法》中的第52条第5款有这样一项规定----"违反法律、行政法规的强制性无效",这一规定在理论界实际名为"违法无效",本质上来说,“违法无效"关系到有关市场交易安全的问题,另一方面,其更关系到民商事合同效力的维护。特别是在《最高人民法院关于适用中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释二》(以下简称《合同法司法解释二》)中的第14条将《合同法》第52条第(5)款中有关强制性规定的相关事项解释为“效力性强制规定”。从这一层面来说,“这就意味着不管是在学术理论界还是司法实践中都将会面临一些问题的解释,而其中强制性规定有关效力性与管理性的相关规定,更是在实务中引起了一系列连锁反映”(1)。管理性规范出台的原意在于对违反规定的相关行为进行处罚,但事实上也不能据此否认这一行为在民商法上的民事效力。效力性规范指的则是法律明确规定了对此类规定的违反会导致合同无效情形的出现,在此基础上,只有违反效力性强制规范时,才认定合同无效的情形出现。由上可知,对合同的效力性强制性规定进行判定,是司法实践中的一个是复杂而抽象的命题,更为重要的是,需要整理有关强制性规范与合同效力的关系,至今为止,还没有一个真正严格、统一的判断标准,因此相关认定往往备受异议。本文尝试通过对强制性规范的研究,探求其与合同效力的关系。
[Abstract]:Article 52, paragraph 5, of the contract Law contains such a provision that "in violation of the law, the mandatory invalidation of administrative regulations", this provision is actually called "illegal invalidity" in the theoretical world, essentially speaking, "illegal invalidity" is related to the security of market transactions, on the other hand, it is related to the maintenance of the validity of civil and commercial contracts. In particular, Article 14 of the Supreme people's Court on the interpretation of certain issues concerning the Application of the contract Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Judicial interpretation of contract Law II") makes Article 52 (5) of the contract Law mandatory. Matters related to sexual provisions shall be interpreted as "mandatory provisions of validity". On this level, "this means that both academic and judicial practice will be faced with some problems of interpretation, and mandatory provisions on the effectiveness and management of the relevant provisions, It also caused a series of chain reactions in practice "(1). The original intention of the regulatory norm is to punish the relevant act of violating the regulations, but in fact, it can not deny the civil effect of the act in civil and commercial law. The criterion of validity refers to the fact that the violation of this kind of stipulation will lead to the occurrence of invalid contract. On this basis, only when the mandatory norm of validity is violated can the situation of invalidity of contract appear. From the above, we can see that it is a complicated and abstract proposition in judicial practice to judge the mandatory provisions of the validity of contracts. More importantly, it is necessary to sort out the relationship between the mandatory norms and the validity of the contracts, so far, There is no really strict, unified standard of judgment, so the related recognition is often disputed. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between the mandatory norms and the validity of the contract through the study of the peremptory norms.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D923.6

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