反垄断法中经营者范围的界定

发布时间：2018-08-29 15:24

【摘要】：我国《反垄断法》对于其适用主体统一以“经营者”为称谓,经营者的概念最早源于民商法等私法领域,在传统意义上,经营者最重要的特征就是其营利性。对于《反垄断法》而言,由于其本身具有一定的公法性质和不确定性特征,它所谓的经营者的概念相对于其他私法领域的经营者而言,范围更加广泛。判断某一组织甚至个人是否是反垄断中所提的经营者范畴,需要改变传统的理念,从《反垄断法》的立法目的和其自身特点出发,破除民商法等私法领域对经营者界定标准唯“营利性”是瞻的方式,重新确定标准,以适应《反垄断法》的立法初衷和司法执法需要。我国在《反垄断法》颁布之前,关于经营者界定的相关问题主要通过《反不正当竞争法》予以规定和研究,由于《反不正当竞争法》中的规定过于简单,在适用过程中,产生了很多不确定的问题。所以《反垄断法》对经营者的界定给出了更加灵活的阐述,十二条中去除了“营利性”的说法。因此,相对于《反不正当竞争法》而言,《反垄断法》的规定有很大的进步性。虽然“营利性”已经不再成为法律适用的绊脚石,但是过于笼统性的规定依然留给司法执法经验并不太丰富的反垄断执法当局和司法机关一定的难题。本文通过对经营者概念源起的探究、各部门法中经营者概念的比较来探讨《反垄断法》对经营者的具体范围的界定问题。文章一共分为四部分,第一章主要阐述了经营者概念的源起,通过各部门法的比较,研究经营者在反垄断法领域中的特殊性,从而确定反垄断法中经营者范围界定的一般性标准。第二章主要研究企业作为《反垄断法》中的经营者的范围界定问题,通过研究关联公司、控股公司、母子公司在进行内部行为和对外行为时的不同地位,来分析如何以单一实体原则和独立性原则来确定其是否属于经营者范围。第三章对如何确定“其他组织”是否属于《反垄断法》中经营者范围的问题进行了研究,主要是通过扩大性解释的标准,确定行业协会和行政机关等非传统的“经营者”在《反垄断法》中的经营者资格。最后一章主要研究的是我国的经营者界定问题,通过从《反不正当竞争法》到《反垄断法》的立法、司法、执法的历史发展,研究我国关于经营者界定问题的现状,并通过我国的竞争文化历史、竞争环境、竞争政策等的分析,试论述造成目前经营者界定问题的原因,并在最后提出了对经营者范围的界定标准进行具体规制的意义和建议。
[Abstract]:The concept of operator originates from the field of private law such as civil and commercial law. In the traditional sense, the most important feature of the operator is its profitability. For the Anti-monopoly Law, because of its public law nature and uncertainty, its concept of operator is more extensive than that of other private law operators. To judge whether an organization or even an individual is an operator category mentioned in antitrust, we need to change the traditional concept and proceed from the legislative purpose and its own characteristics of the Anti-Monopoly Law. To break down the private law such as civil and commercial law and to define the operator only for profit is a way to redefine the standard in order to meet the original intention of legislation and the need of judicial enforcement of the Anti-monopoly Law. Before the promulgation of the Anti-monopoly Law, the relevant issues about the definition of the operator were mainly regulated and studied by the Anti-unfair Competition Law. Because the provisions in the Anti-unfair Competition Law were too simple, they were applied in the process of application. A lot of uncertainty arises. Therefore, the Anti-monopoly Law gives a more flexible definition of the operator and removes the term "profit-making" in Article 12. Therefore, compared with the Anti-unfair Competition Law, the provisions of the Anti-monopoly Law are very progressive. Although "profit-making" is no longer a stumbling block to the application of the law, the over-general provisions still leave some difficulties for the anti-monopoly law enforcement authorities and the judicial organs, which are not too rich in judicial enforcement experience. This paper probes into the origin of the concept of the operator and the comparison of the concept of the operator in various branches of law to discuss the definition of the specific scope of the operator in the Anti-monopoly Law. The article is divided into four parts. The first chapter mainly describes the origin of the concept of operator, through the comparison of various branches of law, to study the particularity of the operator in the field of anti-monopoly law. In order to determine the scope of anti-monopoly law to define the scope of the general standard. The second chapter mainly studies the scope of the enterprise as the operator in the Anti-monopoly Law, through the study of related companies, holding companies, parent-subsidiary companies in the conduct of internal and external behavior of different positions. To analyze how to use the principle of single entity and independence to determine whether it belongs to the scope of the operator. The third chapter studies how to determine whether "other organizations" belong to the scope of operators in the Anti-Monopoly Law, mainly through the criteria of expanded interpretation. Determine the qualifications of non-traditional "operators", such as trade associations and administrative organs, in the Anti-Monopoly Law. The last chapter mainly studies the problem of the definition of the operator in our country. Through the legislation, judicature and law enforcement from "Anti-unfair Competition Law" to "Anti-monopoly Law", the paper studies the current situation of the definition of the operator in our country. Through the analysis of our country's competition culture history, competition environment, competition policy and so on, this paper tries to discuss the reasons that cause the problem of the definition of the operator at present, and finally puts forward the significance and suggestion of regulating the definition standard of the scope of the operator.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.294

【相似文献】