1929年《民国海商法》立法研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 09:51

【摘要】：在法律大家族中,海商法源远流长又特色鲜明。在中国,海商法的发展历史几乎与现代意义上的中国法制发展大体同期,可以说是中国法律组成结构中,历史较为悠久的一个部分。伴随着国际航运事业的发展以及海洋意识的觉醒,《中华人民共和国海商法》面临着新的时代议题,也催生了对海商法新的期待,其修改随着海运强国、海洋强国等方略的提出和实施,再一次被纳入议事日程。追古喻今,整理近代中国海商法的法律变迁史,梳理其中的思想细节与制度,探析其中为当时的立法者所倚重和忽略的旧事,无疑对当代中国海商法的立法和司法实践具有一定的启迪意义。清末以降的中国海商法立法历程,大体经历了清末之酝酿,民国时期两次集中的立法实践,到新中国成立后的当代中国海商法制定与修订。本文以1929年南京国民政府时期颁布的《中华民国海商法》(以下简称"1929年《民国海商法》")为主要分析文本,该法借鉴了日本德国的相关立法技术并进行了一定的本土化处理,对海事海商事务有着较为完整的规定。本文主要分为四个部分,第一部分阐述1929年《民国海商法》产生的历史背景,包括社会背景、制度保障、立法情况等,分析1929年《民国海商法》的出台条件。第二部分论述1929年《民国海商法》的立法思想及原则。从概念、沿革等角度分析1929年《民国海商法》中主要制度的原理、构建及应用,着重分析介绍海商法中的特殊制度,以船舶制度、海员制度为例,解释法条本身含义及法律适用的基础之上分析其立法主旨以及三民主义立法思想指导之下,利益平衡原则和扶助劳工原则对于海商法立法的影响。第三部分研究1929年《民国海商法》的移植与继承,阐述对大陆法系商法以及国际公约的移植成果、《海船法草案》的继承以及本土化处理的成效,分析法律的实效性。第四部分是对1929年《民国海商法》立法的总体评价。阐述1929年《民国海商法》的历史意义及局限之处,提出对《中华人民共和国海商法》修改的借鉴意义,旨在为中国特色社会主义法制建设略尽绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:In the legal family, maritime law has a long history and distinctive characteristics. In China, the development history of maritime law is almost the same as the development of Chinese legal system in the modern sense, and it can be said to be a relatively long history in the constitution of Chinese law. With the development of the international shipping industry and the awakening of the maritime consciousness, the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China is facing a new topic of the times, and has also given birth to a new expectation of the maritime law. Put forward and implement the strategy of ocean powerful country, once again be put into the agenda. Tracing back to ancient times, sorting out the history of the legal changes of modern China's maritime law, combing the ideological details and systems therein, and analyzing the old things that the legislators at that time relied on and ignored. Undoubtedly, it has certain enlightening significance to the legislation and judicial practice of contemporary Chinese maritime law. The legislative process of China's maritime law in the late Qing Dynasty has generally experienced the brewing of the late Qing Dynasty, two concentrated legislative practices during the Republic of China, and the establishment and revision of the contemporary Chinese maritime law after the founding of New China. In this paper, the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" promulgated by the Nanjing National Government in 1929 (hereinafter referred to as "the Republic of China's Maritime Law of 1929") is the main analysis text. There are relatively complete regulations on maritime affairs. This paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part expounds the historical background of the production of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, including the social background, the system guarantee, the legislative situation and so on, and analyzes the conditions for the publication of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929. The second part discusses the legislative thoughts and principles of the Maritime Law of the Republic of China in 1929. This paper analyzes the principle, construction and application of the main systems in the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929 from the point of view of concept, evolution and so on. It emphasizes on the introduction of the special system in the maritime law, taking the ship system and the seafarer system as examples. On the basis of explaining the meaning of the law itself and the application of the law, this paper analyzes its legislative purport and the influence of the principle of balance of interests and the principle of supporting labor on the legislation of maritime law under the guidance of the legislative thought of the three people's principles. The third part studies the transplantation and inheritance of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, expounds the transplant results of the commercial law of the continental law system and the international convention, the inheritance of the draft of the Maritime ship Law and the effect of the localization treatment, and analyzes the effectiveness of the law. The fourth part is the overall evaluation of the 1929 Maritime Law of the Republic of China. This paper expounds the historical significance and limitation of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, and puts forward the reference significance for the revision of "Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China", in order to contribute a little bit to the construction of socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D929

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