箱位承租人的海事赔偿责任限制主体资格问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-01 12:21
【摘要】：箱位承租人是箱位租用合同中的承租方。箱位租用合同是指在国际班轮运输业务中，集装箱班轮的经营者，即箱位出租人与箱位承租人订立合同，将船上可运载集装箱的箱位租赁给箱位承租人使用，箱位承租人支付租金作为对价，获得在约定内的箱位使用权。由于《中华人民共和国海商法》（以下简称《海商法》）并没有对这种合同做出相应的规定，因此缺乏理论和实践的指导，对于箱位承租人的地位及其能否享受海事赔偿责任限制存在诸多争议。伴随世界经济的持续发展，航运经营管理技术不断革新，越来越多新兴的海运主体加入到海运的发展中，海事赔偿责任限制的主体范围不断扩大。各国对责任主体的规定不一，法律统一的诉求越来越凸显。国际上出现了若干关于海事赔偿责任限制的公约，其中1976年的《海事赔偿责任限制公约》（以下简称“《1976年责任限制公约》”）对海事赔偿责任限制制度影响最大。在该公约中，船舶所有人可以享受责任限制，而船舶所有人的定义包含了船舶承租人，但该公约对船舶承租人的范围没有明确做出界定。本文着眼于箱位承租人的身份地位及其能否作为责任主体享受海事赔偿责任限制的问题，在《1976年责任限制公约》和中国《海商法》的相关规定的背景下，结合航运和司法实践，，运用比较法、历史法、案例法等进行研究，在此基础之上，得出研究结果。 全文共分为三个章节：第一章主要介绍箱位租赁合同，将箱位租赁与班轮运输、航次租船、定期租船进行比较，通过比较分析了箱位承租人与其他运输主体的相同点和不同点，论证箱位承租人可以被识别为航次租船承租人；第二章主要分析海事赔偿责任限制主体资格的认定方法，在分析海事赔偿责任限制的演变发展、制度目的的基础上，探讨责任限制主体的判断认定标准，并结合公约的解释、典型案例分析，研究箱位承租人的责任限制主体资格，第三章在前文研究的基础上，对中国关于箱位承租人的现有的法律法规、司法解释中的相关条文进行分析并提出建议。
[Abstract]:The crate lessee is the lessee in the box rental contract. A container space lease contract means that in the international liner shipping business, the operator of the container liner, that is, the container shipowner and the container lessee, enter into a contract to lease the container space on board the ship to the container lessee for the use of the container lessee. Box lessee pays rent as consideration and obtains the right to use the box in the agreement. Since the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Maritime Law") does not make corresponding provisions on such contracts, it lacks theoretical and practical guidance. There are many disputes about the status of container lessee and whether they can enjoy the limitation of maritime liability. With the continuous development of the world economy, shipping management and management technology is constantly innovating, more and more new maritime subjects join in the development of maritime transportation, and the subject scope of the limitation of maritime claims liability is constantly expanded. Various countries have different regulations on the subject of responsibility, and the demand for the unification of laws is becoming more and more prominent. There are several international conventions on limitation of liability for maritime claims, of which the Convention on limitation of liability for Maritime claims of 1976 (hereinafter referred to as "Convention on limitation of liability 1976") has the greatest impact on the limitation of liability for maritime claims. In the Convention, the shipowner may enjoy the limitation of liability, and the definition of the shipowner includes the charterer, but the scope of the charterer is not clearly defined in the Convention. This paper focuses on the status of the container lessee and whether it can enjoy the limitation of liability for maritime claims as the subject of liability. Under the background of the Convention on limitation of liability 1976 and the relevant provisions of the Maritime Law of China, this paper combines shipping and judicial practice. On the basis of comparative method, historical method, case law and so on, the research results are obtained. The thesis is divided into three chapters: the first chapter mainly introduces the contract of carton rental and liner transportation, voyage charter, time charter, and analyzes the similarities and differences between the container charterer and other transport subjects. Demonstration that the charterer can be identified as charterer of voyage; The second chapter mainly analyzes the method of determining the qualification of the subject of limitation of liability for maritime claims. On the basis of analyzing the evolution and development of the limitation of liability for maritime claims and the purpose of the system, it probes into the criterion of the judgment of the subject of limitation of liability, and combines with the interpretation of the Convention. On the basis of the previous research, the third chapter analyzes the existing laws and regulations of China's box lessee and the relevant provisions in the judicial interpretation and puts forward some suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294
本文编号：2303914
[Abstract]:The crate lessee is the lessee in the box rental contract. A container space lease contract means that in the international liner shipping business, the operator of the container liner, that is, the container shipowner and the container lessee, enter into a contract to lease the container space on board the ship to the container lessee for the use of the container lessee. Box lessee pays rent as consideration and obtains the right to use the box in the agreement. Since the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Maritime Law") does not make corresponding provisions on such contracts, it lacks theoretical and practical guidance. There are many disputes about the status of container lessee and whether they can enjoy the limitation of maritime liability. With the continuous development of the world economy, shipping management and management technology is constantly innovating, more and more new maritime subjects join in the development of maritime transportation, and the subject scope of the limitation of maritime claims liability is constantly expanded. Various countries have different regulations on the subject of responsibility, and the demand for the unification of laws is becoming more and more prominent. There are several international conventions on limitation of liability for maritime claims, of which the Convention on limitation of liability for Maritime claims of 1976 (hereinafter referred to as "Convention on limitation of liability 1976") has the greatest impact on the limitation of liability for maritime claims. In the Convention, the shipowner may enjoy the limitation of liability, and the definition of the shipowner includes the charterer, but the scope of the charterer is not clearly defined in the Convention. This paper focuses on the status of the container lessee and whether it can enjoy the limitation of liability for maritime claims as the subject of liability. Under the background of the Convention on limitation of liability 1976 and the relevant provisions of the Maritime Law of China, this paper combines shipping and judicial practice. On the basis of comparative method, historical method, case law and so on, the research results are obtained. The thesis is divided into three chapters: the first chapter mainly introduces the contract of carton rental and liner transportation, voyage charter, time charter, and analyzes the similarities and differences between the container charterer and other transport subjects. Demonstration that the charterer can be identified as charterer of voyage; The second chapter mainly analyzes the method of determining the qualification of the subject of limitation of liability for maritime claims. On the basis of analyzing the evolution and development of the limitation of liability for maritime claims and the purpose of the system, it probes into the criterion of the judgment of the subject of limitation of liability, and combines with the interpretation of the Convention. On the basis of the previous research, the third chapter analyzes the existing laws and regulations of China's box lessee and the relevant provisions in the judicial interpretation and puts forward some suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.294
【参考文献】
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 邬先江;海事赔偿责任限制制度研究[D];大连海事大学;2010年
2 陈小曼;海事赔偿责任限制制度研究[D];西南政法大学;2012年
本文编号：2303914
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