刑事诉讼专家证人出庭作证制度研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 21:08

本文关键词：刑事诉讼专家证人出庭作证制度研究　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国《刑事诉讼法》第192条第2款确立了专家证人出庭制度,即公诉人、当事人或者辩护人、诉讼代理人可以申请法庭通知有专门知识的人出庭,就鉴定人作出的鉴定意见提出意见。此项制度一方面是由司法机构启动和具体实施的,能够最大限度的保证司法机构对于诉讼活动整个流程的控制;另一方面鉴定人都是经过严格考核并登记在册的,从而能够保障鉴定人的资格水平与中立性特征,由此做出公平合理的鉴定结论。然而,此项制度自实施以来,也存在一系列亟待解决的问题,包括专家证人出庭作证的诉讼地位不明确、证人出庭作证的选任机制不确定、专家证人出庭作证的证言可采性原则及启动程序的不规范、专家证人出庭作证的法律责任不具体以及专家证人出庭作证缺乏相应的监督机制等等。通过对大陆法系的鉴定人制度以及英美法系专家证人出庭作证制度的分析发现,其制度内容在不断修改与完善过程中已逐渐成熟,无论是专家证人的资格、审查、选任方式,还是监督措施都较完善。据此,针对当前我国专家证人出庭作证制度存在的问题,文章提出将专家证人规定为普通证人,明确其诉讼地位和法律地位,并将专家证人的证言列为一种独立的证据种类,表明其特殊性,明确其与普通证人证言的差别;应当选择和聘用经过严格考核并被司法机关列入鉴定人名册的鉴定人担当专家证人;将专家证人出庭作证的选任权赋予控辩双方;赋予专家证人调查权、质询权、拒绝委托权、独立地做出结论的权利;而出庭作证的专家证人则应当履行出庭作证的义务、保密的义务、尊重事实真相、按时完成专家证据的义务和接受监督的义务等等,要建立责任追究制度、监督机制等等,由此从宏观上建构起一个系统、完善的专家证人出庭作证制度,发挥其在刑事诉讼过程中应有的功能价值。
[Abstract]:The 192nd clause and second paragraph of China's criminal procedure law establish the expert witness court system, that is, the public prosecutor, the litigant or the defender, the agent ad litem can apply for the court to notify the person with special knowledge to appear in court, and make comments on the appraisal opinion made by the appraiser. This system on the one hand by the judiciary and start the implementation, to ensure that the judiciary maximum control for litigation activities of the whole process; on the other hand the appraiser is subject to strict examination and registered, thus ensuring appraiser qualification level and neutral characteristics, which make the fair and reasonable appraisal conclusion. However, since the implementation of this system, there are a series of problems to be solved, including the legal status of expert witness legal responsibility is not clear, the selection mechanism of witness uncertainty, expert witness testimony admissibility principles and start the program is not standardized, expert witness is not specific and expert witness the lack of corresponding supervision mechanism etc.. The identification of civil law system and common law expert witness testimony system through court analysis found that the contents of the system in the continuous modification and improvement process has gradually matured, whether it is the expert witness qualification, examination, appointment, supervision measures are perfect. Therefore, in view of the current our country expert witness system problems, this paper proposes the expert witness provisions for ordinary witnesses, make clear its legal status and legal status, and the expert witness testimony listed as an independent category of evidence, shows its particularity, the difference with ordinary witness testimony should be chosen; and through strict examination and identification of people employed by judicial organs included in the roster of authenticators as expert witness; the expert witness selection right of both parties; give expert witness investigation right, inquiry right, to the principal right, independently concluded rights; and the expert witness shall perform testify. The duty, the duty of confidentiality, respect the facts, timely completion of expert testimony obligations and accept the supervision of the duty, to establish accountability system, supervision mechanism And so on, from the macro construction of a systematic and perfect expert witness testimony system, and play its functional value in the process of criminal procedure.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.2

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