论我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的完善

发布时间：2018-01-07 21:48

本文关键词：论我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的完善　出处：《中国青年政治学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新修订的刑事诉讼法在我国确立起了“未成年人犯罪记录封存制度”,旨在帮助、促进未成年犯罪人顺利回归社会,被誉为我国未成年人司法制度的重大突破之一,也是近年来理论研究的热点所在。但我国现行的未成年人犯罪记录封存制度尚处于制度创设阶段,存在不少问题亟待完善。本文主要运用文献分析和案例分析的方法,试图在简明阐述未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的作用机制的基础上,对现行制度所表现出的四个较为突出问题加以分析,以促进犯罪记录封存制度作用机制的充分发挥为出发点,对我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度提出以构建犯罪记录查询制度为重点的三个方面的完善建议。本文在第一部分“引言”简单介绍了我国现行的未成年人犯罪记录封存制度。虽然该制度框架已经建立,但对具体的运作模式的探索尚未破局,而且研究者们撰文所检讨的现行制度存在的问题已经在实践中产生。本文在第二部分“未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的作用机制”中,通过对未成年人犯罪记录封存制度中,“犯罪记录”与“封存”这两个核心概念含义的明确、功能的分析,得出犯罪记录封存制度是对未成年犯罪人权利和社会公共利益的再平衡,其作用机制为:通过封存阻断相关主体获取犯罪记录的渠道,从而使得部分主体因为丧失评价对象而不能作出不利于未成年人的非规范性评价,于是为未成年犯罪人营造出了一个相对宽松友善的社会环境,以便其重新融入正常的社会生活。本文在第三部分“现行未成年人犯罪记录封存制度存在的问题”中着重分析了我国现行未成年人犯罪记录封存制度所表现出的四个突出问题,即:多元化管理影响了封存的实际效果、缺乏有效的监督与救济程序、与其他现行法律规范间存在冲突、封存制度适用范围的确定不尽合理。这些问题的产生都是犯罪记录封存制度的作用机制未正常发挥的表现。本文的第四部分“对未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的完善建议”是在前文分析的基础上,对我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度完善提出的方向性建议,即通过构建运行一元化管理的犯罪记录查询制度,完善未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的监督救济程序,实现对犯罪记录的分级管理。
[Abstract]:The newly revised Code of Criminal procedure has established the "system of closing and storing juvenile criminal records" in our country, which aims to help juvenile offenders to return to society smoothly. Known as one of the major breakthroughs in the juvenile justice system in China, it is also a hot spot of theoretical research in recent years. However, the current system of closing and keeping juvenile criminal records in China is still in the stage of system creation. There are many problems to be improved. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature analysis and case analysis, trying to explain the mechanism of juvenile criminal record sealing system. This paper analyzes the four outstanding problems of the current system in order to promote the full play of the mechanism of the criminal record sealing system. This paper puts forward three suggestions to perfect the system of closing and keeping juvenile criminal records in China, which focus on the construction of criminal record inquiry system. The first part of this paper is "introduction". This paper briefly introduces the current system of keeping juvenile criminal records in our country, although the framework of this system has been established. However, the exploration of the specific operation model has not yet broken down. Moreover, the existing problems of the current system reviewed by the researchers have been produced in practice. The second part of this paper "the role of juvenile criminal record sealing system". Through the analysis of the definition and function of the two core concepts of "criminal record" and "sealed storage" in the system of sealing and storing juvenile criminal records. The conclusion is that the system of criminal record sealing is a rebalance between the rights of minor offenders and the public interest, and its mechanism is to block the channels of obtaining criminal records by blocking the relevant subjects. As a result, some subjects are unable to make non-normative evaluation which is not conducive to minors because of the loss of evaluation objects, thus creating a relatively loose and friendly social environment for juvenile offenders. In order to reintegrate them into normal social life. In the third part of this article, "the existing problems of the system of closing and keeping juvenile delinquency records" In this part, the author emphatically analyzes the four outstanding problems in the current system of juvenile delinquency record sealing and keeping in our country. Namely: the diversification management affects the actual effect of the seal, lacks the effective supervision and relief procedure, and conflicts with other existing laws and regulations. The determination of the scope of application of the system is not reasonable. The emergence of these problems is the function mechanism of the criminal record sealing system has not been properly brought into play. Part 4th of this article. On the basis of the previous analysis, the suggestions on the perfection of the system of sealing and keeping juvenile criminal records are put forward. In order to perfect the system of juvenile criminal record sealing and keeping, this paper puts forward the direction suggestion, that is, to perfect the supervision and relief procedure of juvenile criminal record sealing and keeping system by constructing the query system of running unified management of the criminal record. To achieve the hierarchical management of criminal records.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.2

【参考文献】