刑事辨认程序的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 21:24

本文关键词： 刑事辨认辨认程序辨认笔录　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑事辨认是一种常见的侦查手段，在案件侦破方面发挥着重要作用。通过刑事辨认得出的辨认结论是重要的证据之一，新刑事诉讼法第48条明确将辨认笔录列为证据种类之一，确立了辨认笔录的法定证据地位。然而，仅仅确立了证据地位而缺乏规范辨认程序的相关配套规定，导致新刑事诉讼法实施一年多来，刑事辨认在司法实践中的问题仍然没有大的改观。笔者通过发放调查问卷、开展访谈及翻阅卷宗等形式，对H省C市100多名警官、检察官、法官作了调查，旨在对当前刑事辨认程序运行的特征、存在的问题进行实证研究分析，在此基础上探讨如何完善我国辨认程序。正文分为四个部分，主要内容如下：第一部分，引言。介绍此次实证研究的背景。第二部分，刑事辨认程序及辨认笔录运用的实证考察。对H省C市刑事辨认程序运行的特征进行归纳总结，主要表现为辨认被普遍运用于刑事案件中，，对人、对物的辨认多采用静态辨认方式，检察院、法院对辨认程序的审查以书面审查为主，辨认结论采信度高、但是需要其他证据补强，新刑诉法颁布后辨认笔录的质量没有明显改观等几个特征。第三部分刑事辨认程序存在的主要问题。通过一些数据、案例分析，对刑事辨认在侦查阶段和审判阶段的适用方式和比例等多方面进行统计分析，探究目前辨认制度在启动方式、辨认方式、辨认参与人、辨认规则、辨认参与人权利保障、辨认笔录制作等方面存在的问题。第四部分，刑事辨认程序及相关机制的完善。一是完善辨认启动前的程序，包括严格辨认程序启动审批制度，落实案件承办人与辨认主持人相分离规则以及预先询问规则等；二是辨认过程中应该坚持的原则，包括辨认前的提醒和告知原则，陪衬对象的相似性原则以及完善见证人制度、逐步实现同步录音录像等等；三是提高辨认笔录的制作标准，严格辨认笔录的审查机制。
[Abstract]:Criminal identification is a common investigative technique, which plays an important role in the detection of cases. The identification conclusion obtained by criminal identification is one of the important evidence. Article 48 of the new Code of Criminal procedure explicitly lists the identification record as one of the types of evidence, and establishes the legal evidence status of the identification record. However, it only establishes the status of evidence and lacks the relevant supporting provisions to regulate the identification procedure. As a result of the implementation of the new criminal procedure law for more than a year, criminal identification in judicial practice has not changed a lot. The author through the issuance of questionnaires, interviews and reading files and other forms. More than 100 police officers, prosecutors and judges in C city of H province have been investigated in order to make an empirical study and analysis on the characteristics and problems existing in the operation of the current criminal identification procedure. On this basis, this paper discusses how to improve the identification procedures in China. The text is divided into four parts, the main content is as follows: The first part, introduction, introduces the background of this empirical study. The second part, the empirical investigation of the criminal identification procedure and the use of the identification record. It summarizes the characteristics of the operation of the criminal identification procedure in C city of H province, mainly shows that the identification is widely used in criminal cases, to the person. The identification of objects is mostly static identification, the procuratorate and the court review the identification procedure mainly in writing, the recognition conclusion is high reliability, but need other evidence to strengthen. After the promulgation of the new Criminal procedure Law, the quality of the identification record has not obviously improved. The third part of the main problems of criminal identification procedures. Through some data, case analysis, the criminal identification in the investigation phase and the trial stage of the applicable mode and proportion of the various aspects of statistical analysis. This paper probes into the problems existing in the current identification system in the aspects of starting mode, identifying mode, identifying participant, identifying rules, identifying participant's right guarantee, making identification record, etc. Part 4th, the improvement of criminal identification procedures and related mechanisms. One is to improve the identification procedures before the start, including strict identification procedures to start the examination and approval system. To implement the rules of separation of the case manager and the identifying host and the rules of advance inquiry; Second, the principles should be adhered to in the process of identification, including the principle of reminding and informing before identification, the principle of similarity of foil objects, the perfection of witness system, and the gradual realization of synchronous audio and video recording and so on; Third, improve the standards of the production of identification notes, strictly identify the record of the examination mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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