审前羁押审查程序研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 11:06

本文关键词： 审前羁押程序正义权利保障　出处：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：羁押是对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人人身自由的剥夺,是一项最为严厉的刑事强制措施。为了防止羁押错误,保障公民的人身自由,现代法治国家普遍建立了严格的审前羁押审查程序,由中立的法官在控辩双方的参加下,采用诉讼的形式,对是否予以羁押进行审查并作出决定。我国2012年修订的刑事诉讼法完善了人民检察院审查批准逮捕的程序,理论上赋予了犯罪嫌疑人及其辩护律师对逮捕的异议权。但是,这种审查程序不是侦查机关与犯罪嫌疑人同时在场的情况下进行的,仍然是一种“行政审批式”审查程序,缺乏诉讼式审查程序的对抗性,很难从根本上防止错误逮捕导致的非法羁押,最终侵害公民的人身自由。为适应依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家的需要,实现刑事司法法治化,防止错误羁押,实现刑事司法公正,保障公民的基本权利,必须从立法上完善我国的审前羁押审查程序。本文在阐释审前羁押审查程序的理论基础,借鉴西方国家审前羁押审查程序的立法经验,剖析我国审前羁押审查程序存在的主要问题,在此基础上,提出完善我国审前羁押审查程序的立法建议。本文共有四个部分：第一部分：阐释羁押、审前羁押、审前羁押审查程序的含义及性质,从权力制约,权利保障和程序正义三个向度阐释审前羁押审查程序的理论基础。第二部分：主要介绍英国、美国、法国、德国等两大法系主要国家的审前羁押审查程序,从审前羁押审查程序的审查主体、审查实质条件、审查方式以及审前羁押的救济途径等方面分析其异同,指出域外经验对于完善我国审前羁押审查程序的借鉴意义。第三部分：介绍我国审前羁押审查程序的立法现状,指出审前羁押审查程序存在的主要问题。第四部分：从构建审前羁押司法审查程序,确立审前羁押听证式审查方式,完善审前羁押的审查内容,明确审前羁押中的证明标准,建立审前羁押救济机制五个方面,提出完善我国审前羁押审查程序的立法建议。
[Abstract]:The detention of criminal suspects, deprived of the freedom of the accused, is one of the most severe criminal coercive measures. In order to prevent wrong detention, guarantee the personal freedom of citizens, modern countries have established a strict pre-trial detention review procedures, by the neutral judge in both sides, the lawsuit the form, to examine whether custody and make a decision. The criminal procedure law revised in 2012 to improve the people's Procuratorate for examination and approval of arrest procedures, the theory gives the criminal suspect and the lawyer the right to dissent the arrest. However, such a review procedure is not the investigation organ and the criminal suspect and the presence of the is a kind of administrative examination and approval "review procedures, the lack of litigation type examination procedures, illegal detention is difficult to fundamentally prevent false arrest to the end Infringe the personal freedom of citizens. In order to adapt to the rule of law and building a socialist country ruled by law, the criminal judicial rule of law, to prevent errors in custody to realize judicial justice, protect the basic rights of citizens, we must perfect the legislation of the pretrial detention review process. In this paper the basic theory in the interpretation of the pretrial detention review process the legislative experience from the western countries detention review procedures before trial, analyzes major problems of China's pretrial detention review procedures exist, on this basis, put forward legislative proposals to improve detention review process of China's pretrial. This paper consists of four parts: the first part: the interpretation of custody, pretrial detention, meaning and nature pretrial detention review process, from the power restriction, the protection of the rights and procedural justice three aspects of interpretation of the pretrial detention review procedures of the theoretical basis. The second part: mainly introduces the British, American, law In countries such as Germany, mainly of the two legal systems of pretrial detention review procedures, detention review process from pre-trial review subject, review of the substantive conditions, analyze the similarities and review of pretrial detention on relief way, pointed out that the extraterritorial experience for perfecting the pretrial detention review procedures for reference. The third part: the pretrial detention review procedures of the legislative situation, points out the main problems of pretrial detention review procedures exist. The fourth part: from the construction of judicial review procedure of custody before trial, establish pre-trial detention hearing type examination way, improve the review content of pretrial detention, clear proof standard of detention, the establishment of pretrial the custody relief mechanism in five aspects, put forward legislative proposals to improve China's detention review process before the trial.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

【参考文献】