从刑事司法理念的变革论我国刑事错案的预防

发布时间：2018-02-26 22:28

本文关键词： 刑事司法理念刑事错案联系预防　出处：《河南师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：回顾人类司法史,我们发现导致刑事错案的,很多的都是人为的、主观的因素,而不是不能克服的客观原因。在这些人为原因中,传统刑事司法理念缺乏及时更新是根源。司法理念的更新是制度改革的前提。随着法治国家建设的不断推进,刑事错案不断揭露,探究和完善刑事从案的防范就成了现实的迫切需要。分析研究一些刑事错案,我们发现,传统刑事司法理念的束缚成为刑事错案发生的根本原因,在侦查、起诉和审判的三环节各有不同表现。本文着重从司法理念的角度阐释刑事错案发生的原因,在提出防范刑事错案具有必要性、迫切性和现实可行性的基础上,重点从现代刑事司法理念的变革和更新中找出刑事错案预防的新思路。本文共分四部分:第一部分是刑事错案的不断揭露对于我国刑事司法理念的冲击。本部分首先综合国内有关刑事错案的学说,力求科学的对其进行界定;通过对六十例已经纠正的错案进行划分归类,总结出现状和特点。接下来,通过刑事错案的平反和法治国家建设促使现代刑事司法理念的变革,对刑事错案有个初步了解。第二部分是对传统刑事司法理念进行介绍。在这一部分,首先是对中国传统法律文化对传统刑事司法理念的影响,重刑主义、重群体利益忽视个体利益和重实体轻程序观念,进一步阐述现代刑事司法理念所具有的人本主义、时代特点和稳定性的特征。通过本章的论述为现代刑事司法理念阐述做衬托。第三部分主要探讨刑事错案与传统刑事司法理念的关系。主要讲述传统刑事司法理念在刑事诉讼不同阶段的表现,结合对刑事错案的剖析,总结其产生的共性、直接的原因,阐明其极大危害性,并为现代刑事司法理念的提出打下基础。第四部分讲述现代刑事司法理念对于刑事错案预防的重要作用。从理论和实践层面,论述了在刑事诉讼不同阶段应该具备的现代刑事司法理念,并提出坚持以“审判为中心”诉讼制度建设。通过具体案例,分析在证据审查、事实认定和司法裁判中所应具有的理念,达到从根本上具有现代刑事司法理念。
[Abstract]:Looking back at the history of human justice, we find that many of the causes of criminal error are man-made, subjective factors, not objective causes that cannot be overcome. The lack of timely updating of the traditional criminal justice concept is the root cause. The updating of the judicial concept is the premise of the system reform. It is an urgent need to probe into and perfect the prevention of criminal malpractice. By analyzing and studying some wrong criminal cases, we find that the bondage of the traditional criminal justice concept becomes the fundamental reason for the occurrence of the criminal malpractice. The three aspects of prosecution and trial are different. This paper focuses on explaining the causes of criminal misdeeds from the angle of judicial concept, and on the basis of putting forward the necessity, urgency and practical feasibility of preventing criminal misdeeds. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the impact on the concept of criminal justice of our country. First of all, by synthesizing the domestic doctrine on criminal error cases, Through the classification and classification of 60 cases that have been corrected, the present situation and characteristics are summed up. Then, through the rehabilitation of criminal cases and the construction of a country ruled by law, the concept of modern criminal justice is transformed. The second part is an introduction to the traditional concept of criminal justice. In this part, the first part is the influence of Chinese traditional legal culture on the traditional criminal justice concept. The emphasis on group interests neglects individual interests and neglects the concept of substance and procedure, and further expounds the humanism of the concept of modern criminal justice. The characteristics of the times and stability. Through the discussion of this chapter to set off the modern criminal justice concept. The third part mainly discusses the relationship between the criminal wrong cases and the traditional criminal justice concept. Mainly narrates the traditional criminal justice theory. At different stages of criminal proceedings, Combined with the analysis of the criminal wrong cases, summarizes the generality, the direct causes and the great harmfulness of them. And lay a foundation for the proposition of modern criminal justice concept. Part 4th describes the important role of modern criminal justice concept in the prevention of criminal misdemeanours. This paper discusses the concept of modern criminal justice that should be possessed in different stages of criminal procedure, and puts forward to insist on the construction of litigation system with "trial as the center". The concept of fact determination and judicial judgment is fundamentally modern criminal justice idea.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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