对我国公益诉讼制度的几点思考

发布时间：2018-02-28 14:22

本文关键词： 公益公益诉讼诉讼主体代表人诉讼　出处：《中国青年政治学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国社会主义市场经济的飞速发展,经济交往日益频繁,各种大量的公益危机层出不穷,例如长沙市民刘明起诉移动公司月末流量清零案、黄浦江死猪事件、“PM2.5”和困扰大城市的雾霾事件等,未类型化社会纠纷不断涌现。我国正在建设社会主义法治社会,法律应该为这种侵害社会公共利益的案件提供一种行之有效的途径和办法,如果总是以“不属于人民法院管辖”或者“不属于受案范围”的借口拒不受理,这显然不符合我国法治建设的本意。传统的民事诉讼、刑事诉讼和行政诉讼之设计理念在于维护私益,它们的侧重点都过于聚焦私益,却忽视了对社会公共利益领域的救济。社会在发展,法律也需要随之而与时俱进,否则必然满足不了社会的不断发展和司法实践的需要。公益诉讼制度应运而生,很好的契合了社会的这种需求。2012年底新出台的《民事诉讼法》修正案第五十五条规定:“对污染环境、侵害众多消费者合法权益等损害社会公共利益的行为,法律规定的机关和有关组织可以向人民法院提起诉讼。”这是学界公认的关于我国民事公益诉讼制度的正式法律规定。在此之前,我国法学界对公益诉讼制度的研究和讨论已经十分深入,此次修正案吸收了学界的研究成果,它以立法的形式正式规定了民事公益诉讼制度,虽然只是一个条文的规定,却为我国公益诉讼制度的正式建立构筑了初步的框架,为日后我国公益诉讼制度的完善开启了一道大门。公益诉讼制度的建立是一个系统、庞大的工程,需要法学理论界和司法实践界以及众多法律工作者的共同努力。本文从公益诉讼的内涵和概念出发,通过对我国公益诉讼制度进行分析,比较国外相关诉讼制度,对我国的公益诉讼制度存在的问题进行思考,并就几点问题提出可行性的建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's socialist market economy, economic exchanges have become increasingly frequent, and a large number of public welfare crises have emerged in endlessly. For example, Changsha citizen Liu Ming sued a mobile company to clear its traffic at the end of the month. The death of pigs in the Huangpu River, the "PM2.5" and the haze incident, which troubled the big cities, have sprung up untyped social disputes. China is building a socialist society under the rule of law. The law should provide an effective way and means for cases that infringe upon the public interest of the society. If they are always refused under the pretext of "not falling within the jurisdiction of the people's court" or "not falling within the scope of the case," This is obviously not in line with the original intention of building the rule of law in our country. The traditional design concept of civil, criminal and administrative proceedings is to safeguard private interests, and their emphasis is too much on private interests. But ignored the relief to the social public interest domain. When the society is developing, the law also needs to keep pace with the times, otherwise, it will inevitably fail to meet the needs of the social development and the judicial practice. The public interest litigation system emerges as the times require. It fits the needs of the society very well. Article 55th of the new amendment to the Code of Civil procedure issued at the end of 2012 stipulates: "to pollute the environment, infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of many consumers, and so on, harm the public interests of the society." The organs and relevant organizations stipulated by law may file a lawsuit in a people's court. "this is a formal legal regulation recognized by the academic community on the civil public interest litigation system in China. The research and discussion on the public interest litigation system in the legal circles of our country has been very deep. This amendment absorbs the research results of the academic circles. It formally stipulates the civil public interest litigation system in the form of legislation, although it is only a provision of the article. However, it has constructed a preliminary framework for the formal establishment of the public interest litigation system in our country, and opened a door for the improvement of the public interest litigation system in China in the future. The establishment of the public interest litigation system is a systematic and huge project. This paper starts from the connotation and concept of public interest litigation, through the analysis of public interest litigation system in our country, compares the relevant litigation system abroad. This paper thinks about the problems existing in the public interest litigation system of our country, and puts forward some feasible suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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