美国有罪答辩的事实基础制度对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-03-01 01:21

本文关键词： 有罪答辩事实基础认罪认罚从宽速裁程序简易程序　出处：《国家检察官学院学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为防止无辜被告人被定罪,美国有罪答辩制度不仅要求被告人做有罪答辩应出于自愿、理智、明知,而且要求有罪答辩必须具备事实基础,但对事实基础的审查无需采用对抗制方式,其证明程度也无需达到审判定罪的要求。这充分体现了有罪答辩制度为尽量平衡公正价值与效率价值所作出的努力。我国认罪认罚从宽制度也将法院的判决建立在被告人认罪的基础之上。为保证有罪判决的正确性,需要建立相应的确保被告人认罪真实性的保障机制,包括区分被告人认罪审查程序和量刑程序、在自愿性和明知性要求之外增加被告人认罪需具备事实基础的要求、对认罪事实基础的审查需要达到排除合理怀疑的心证程度、赋予被告人撤回认罪或者提起上诉的权利等。
[Abstract]:In order to prevent innocent defendants from being convicted, the United States guilty plea system requires not only that the accused plead guilty on a voluntary, rational and informed basis, but also that the guilty plea must have a factual basis, But there is no need for a confrontational review of the factual basis, The degree of proof does not need to meet the requirements of trial and conviction. This fully reflects the efforts made by the guilty plea system to balance as far as possible the value of justice and efficiency. The lenient system of pleading guilty and penalizing in our country also establishes the judgment of the court. On the basis of the guilty plea of the accused... in order to ensure the correctness of the guilty verdict, There is a need to establish appropriate safeguards to ensure the authenticity of the accused's admission of guilt, including the distinction between the defendant's guilty plea review procedure and the sentencing procedure, and to increase the requirement that the accused plead guilty on the basis of facts, in addition to the requirement of voluntariness and knowledge, The examination of the factual basis of confession needs to reach the level of evidence beyond reasonable doubt, and to grant the defendant the right to withdraw his confession or file an appeal.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院;
【分类号】：D971.2;DD915.3

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