质权实现程序研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 12:44

本文选题：质权实现　切入点：私力救济　出处：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：实现质权以清偿自己的到期债权，是质权人的一项主要权利，也是设立质权最重要的目的。目前，关于质权实现的实体法规范主要体现在《担保法》第七十一条第二款的规定、《担保法司法解释》第一百二十八条第一款和第一百三十条以及《物权法》第二百一十九条第二款、第二百二十条的规定。但在1992年的《民事诉讼法》中并没有相应的程序规定与实体法规范相衔接，直到2012年修改的《民事诉讼法》在第十五章增加了第七节“实现担保物权案件”，这一节新的规定既是与《物权法》相衔接的程序设置，也是对担保物权实现程序效率价值的追求。通过考察域外国家和地区的相应制度，本文认为我们国家选择这一程序作为质权实现的公力救济机制是符合我们国家实际情况的。但是，，笔者通过研读我们国家现有的法律规定，发现存在着以下几方面的不足：私力救济机制有待明确；申请主体不清晰；被申请人的选择不明确；管辖法院不合理；证据材料粗略；审查程序不完善；移送执行效率低；程序保障欠缺；适用规范欠妥当；异议制度缺失；缺乏单独的非讼事件法等等。面对以上的诸多不足，本文作者认为，我们需要采取完善措施，规范质权的实现程序。具体来说，体现在以下几个方面：进一步明确自力救济机制；明确申请主体；明确被申请人；修正管辖法院；细化证据材料；健全审查程序；移送执行裁定；完善程序保障；改变适用规范；设置公告期限；构建异议制度；制定单独的非讼事件法；建立配套机制等等。法谚有云，没有救济的权利不是权利，新《民事诉讼法》关于担保物权实现程序的规定，既是衔接实体法的规定，更是出于诉讼经济的考量。但是，目前总体上的规定略显单薄，实践中也没有形成统一的做法，为了避免“迟来的正义”，本文试图从多个方面对我们国家的法律制度进行了理论上的填充和完善，期待能为质权实现程序的完善提供些许思路和参考，最终效果如何，还有待于实践的检验。
[Abstract]:The realization of a pledge to pay off one's due claims is one of the main rights of the mortgagee and the most important purpose of establishing the pledge. At present, The substantive law norms concerning the realization of pledge rights are mainly embodied in the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 71th of the guarantee Law, the first and 130th sections of Article 128th and the second paragraph of Article 219th of the guarantee Law. However, in 1992, the Civil procedure Law did not have the corresponding procedural provisions to link up with the substantive law norms. Until 2012, the Civil procedure Law, which was amended in 2012, added 7th sections in Chapter 15th, "realizing the case of Security interest". The new provision of this section is not only a procedure set up to link up with the Real right Law, It is also the pursuit of the realization of procedural efficiency value of security interests. This paper holds that it is in line with the actual situation of our country that our country chooses this procedure as the public relief mechanism for the realization of pledge right. However, by studying the existing laws and regulations of our country, Found that there are the following shortcomings: private relief mechanism to be clear; the main body of the application is not clear; the choice of the respondent is not clear; the court of jurisdiction is unreasonable; the evidence material is rough; the examination procedure is not perfect; the efficiency of transfer execution is low; Lack of procedural protection; inadequate applicable norms; lack of objection system; lack of a separate non-litigation event law and so on. In the face of the above deficiencies, the author of this paper believes that we need to take measures to improve the situation. Concretely speaking, it is embodied in the following aspects: further clarifying the self-help mechanism; clarifying the main body of the application; clarifying the respondent; amending the jurisdiction court; refining the evidential material; perfecting the examination procedure; Transfer execution ruling; perfect procedural safeguards; change applicable norms; set notice time limit; construct dissent system; formulate separate non-litigation event law; establish supporting mechanism etc. The provisions of the new Civil procedure Law on the procedure for the realization of security interests are not only the provisions of linking up substantive law, but also out of the consideration of litigation economy. However, the overall provisions at present are somewhat weak, and there is no unified practice in practice. In order to avoid "late justice", this paper attempts to fill and improve the legal system of our country from many aspects, hoping to provide some ideas and references for the perfection of the realization procedure of pledge right, and what is the final effect? It has yet to be tested in practice.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1;D923.2

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