行政协议司法适用问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 20:07

本文选题：行政协议　切入点：行政合同　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为现代行政的一种重要手段和方式,行政协议在实践中已经得到了广泛的应用。有关行政协议的探索从土地承包以及工业改革中的国有企业承包开始,发展至目前广泛应用的公共基础设施建设领域,已经拥有了十分丰富的实践经验。广泛的应用同时带来的还有大量的行政协议的纠纷,面对行政协议案件纳入行政诉讼时日尚短的局面,有关行政协议的相关法律规定尚不够明晰,相关的实务经验亦尚不充足。在此情形下,对行政协议的司法适用的讨论实为必要。行政协议司法适用的前提是界定何为相关立法中予以保护的行政协议,根据相关立法规定可以概括出“为实现公共利益或行政管理目标”的目的标准;“在法定职责范围内”签订行政协议的职权标准;“行政机关与公民、法人或其他组织”之间签订的主体标准;“协商订立”的方式标准;“具有行政法上权利义务关系内容”的内容标准以及“行政机关享有行政优益权”这第六个标准。同时具备以上六个标准的协议可以界定为行政协议。对行政协议进行审查时,既可以进行合法性审查,也可以进行合理性审查,但这种合理性审查是有限度的合理性审查。此外,对行政协议还可以进行合约性审查,这种合约性审查包括对订立协议行为的审查和对履行协议行为的审查。但是《行政诉讼法》及其司法解释只规定了对履行行政协议行为进行审查,对订立协议行为则未作出相关规定。在行政协议诉讼的证据规则中,进行举证责任分配时,对行政协议的合法性和合理性问题采用“以被告举证为原则、以原告举证为例外”的分配方式;对行政协议的合约性问题,鉴于其具有的契约性,采用“谁主张,谁举证”的分配方式。在证明标准上,举证责任的分配会关系到证明标准的高低,对举证责任要求较高的则证明标准也较高,对举证责任要求较低的其证明标准也相应较低。对行政协议的裁判应严格按照新法规定的六种裁判方式,在裁判过程中要以保障相对人合法权利、严格审查行政机关遵守承诺为价值引导,为行政协议的发展提供良性的发展环境。
[Abstract]:As an important means and method of modern administration, administrative agreement has been widely used in practice. The exploration of administrative agreement begins with land contracting and the contracting of state-owned enterprises in industrial reform. In the field of public infrastructure construction, which has been widely used at present, it has already had very rich practical experience. The extensive application also brings a large number of disputes over administrative agreements. In the face of the situation that administrative agreement cases are brought into administrative litigation for a short period of time, the relevant legal provisions on administrative agreements are not clear enough, and the relevant practical experience is not enough. In this case, It is necessary to discuss the judicial application of administrative agreement. The premise of judicial application of administrative agreement is to define what is the administrative agreement protected in relevant legislation. In accordance with the relevant legislative provisions, the standards for the purpose of "achieving the public interest or administrative objectives" can be summarized; the standards of competence for signing administrative agreements "within the scope of statutory duties"; "the administrative organs and citizens," The subject standard signed between legal persons or other organizations; the standard of the mode of "negotiation and conclusion"; the content standard of "having the content of rights and obligations in administrative law"; and the sixth standard of "the administrative organ enjoys the right of administrative advantage" An agreement meeting the above six criteria may be defined as an administrative agreement. The legitimacy examination can be carried out as well as the rationality examination, but this rationality examination is limited rationality examination. In addition, the administrative agreement can also be examined by contract. This kind of contractual review includes the examination of the conclusion of the agreement and the examination of the performance of the agreement. However, the Administrative procedure Law and its judicial interpretation only provide for the examination of the performance of the administrative agreement. In the rules of evidence of administrative agreement litigation, when the burden of proof is distributed, the legality and rationality of the administrative agreement shall be based on the principle of the defendant's proof. For the contractual nature of the administrative agreement, the distribution method of "who claims, who proves the proof" is adopted to deal with the contractual nature of the administrative agreement. The distribution of the burden of proof will relate to the standard of proof, and the standard of proof will be higher if the burden of proof is higher. The standard of proof should also be lower when the burden of proof is low. The judgment of administrative agreement should be strictly in accordance with the six kinds of adjudication methods stipulated in the new law, in order to protect the legal rights of the relative party in the process of adjudication. Strictly examine the administrative organs to abide by the commitments for value guidance, for the development of administrative agreements to provide a benign development environment.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3

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