以财产型案件为视角试论我国诉讼费用制度的完善

发布时间：2018-03-03 21:00

本文选题：《诉讼费用交纳办法》　切入点：财产性案件　出处：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：有社会就不可避免地要发生各种争端和纠纷。在法制社会中,为了处理社会可能发生的各种民事争端和纠纷,法律除了允许当事人依据法律自行协商处理以外,国家还建立专门的机制进行调整,如启动司法机器进行各种司法诉讼程序,这些处置方式都是处理和解决一个具体纠纷所必不可少的。而启动司法机器产生各种费用,包括当事人委托代理的费用、案件的受理费用、差旅费用、误工收入损失等等,必须由诉讼当事人自行承担。因此,诉讼费用制度也是现代各国民事诉讼和行政诉讼中一项不可或缺的制度。诉讼费用与诉讼权利一样,与诉讼者的利益是紧密相关的,诉讼费用的合理性在一定程度上反映着一个国家的人民享受法律保障的程度。我国于2006年12月19日颁布的《诉讼费用交纳办法》(以下简称《交纳办法》),和旧的诉讼收费规范相比较,新的诉讼费用交纳办法存在着明显的变化;2015年实行的《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉的解释》同样对诉讼费用问题做出了相应调整,但是仍然存在很多问题亟待完善,如,既有财产性诉讼请求,又有非财产性诉讼请求的,按照财产性诉讼请求的标准交纳诉讼费。有多个财产性诉讼请求的,合并计算交纳诉讼费;诉讼请求中有多个非财产性诉讼请求的,按一件交纳诉讼费。将财产案件收费比例的起点由4%下调为2.5%,按照0.5%的比例交纳诉讼费的标的额由100万调整到2000万,大部分财产案件的收费大大降低,但是与一般性案件相比,相同的司法能耗下,财产性案件按照诉讼标的额收费标准依然存在不合理之处;因此,回归人大立法权、适时调整法律、降低财产案件的收费标准、扩大财产性诉讼费用司法救济的效力范围等等都是完善诉讼费用制度,保障当事人诉讼权利的有效措施。论文除绪论与结语外,分为五部分:第一章的主要内容是诉讼费用的概述,讲述了诉讼费用的概念、性质及其国家设立诉讼费用制度的意义。第二章按照不同的诉讼案件分类,论述了各类诉讼案件的征收依据和收费标准。第三章主要以财产型案件为视角讲述了我国现行诉讼费用制度存在的问题,并对我国目前诉讼费用负担原则存在的问题进行了介绍。第四章主要根据诉讼费用制度出现的问题,如确认之诉、劳动争议案件,并结合当下民生关注的离婚案件中涉及房产、财产分配的诉讼费用征收存在的问题和不足,提出如何改善和降低财产性案件诉讼费用收费标准之拙见。鉴于我国诉讼费用制度中存在的不足,第五章从根源性问题上提出改善我国诉讼费用不合理现状的建议措施。
[Abstract]:In a society under the rule of law, in order to deal with all kinds of civil disputes and disputes that may arise in the society, the law allows the parties to settle their own disputes through consultation according to the law. The State has also established special mechanisms for adjustment, such as the initiation of judicial machinery for various judicial proceedings, which are essential for the handling and resolution of a specific dispute... and the costs associated with the start-up of the judicial machinery, The litigant must bear the expenses of entrusting the agent, accepting the case, travelling expenses, loss of delayed work income, etc. Therefore, the litigant must bear the expenses on his own. The system of litigation costs is also an indispensable system in civil and administrative litigation in modern countries. Litigation costs, like litigation rights, are closely related to the interests of litigants. The reasonableness of litigation expenses reflects to a certain extent the degree to which the people of a country enjoy legal protection. Compared with the norms of litigation charges, There are obvious changes in the new method of payment of litigation expenses. The interpretation of the Supreme people's Court on the application of the Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China introduced in 2015 has also made corresponding adjustments to the issue of litigation costs. However, there are still many problems that need to be improved. For example, if there are both property claims and non-property claims, legal fees shall be paid according to the standards of property claims. Where there are more than one non-property claim in the litigation request, The starting point for the proportion of fees charged in property cases was lowered from 4% to 2.5, and the amount of the object of the fees paid according to the proportion of 0.5% was adjusted from 1 million to 20 million. The charges in most property cases were greatly reduced, but compared with general cases, Under the same judicial energy consumption, there is still unreasonableness in property cases according to the amount of fees charged on the subject of litigation; therefore, returning to the legislative power of the people's Congress, adjusting the law at the right time, and lowering the charging standards for property cases, Expanding the scope of judicial relief of property litigation costs and so on are effective measures to perfect the litigation cost system and protect the litigant's litigation rights. It is divided into five parts: the main content of the first chapter is an overview of litigation costs, the concept and nature of litigation costs and the significance of establishing litigation costs system in the country. Chapter two is divided into different categories according to different litigation cases. The third chapter mainly discusses the problems existing in the current litigation cost system of our country from the perspective of property cases. It also introduces the problems existing in the principle of burden of litigation expenses in our country. Chapter 4th is mainly based on the problems arising from the system of litigation costs, such as confirmation of litigation, cases of labor disputes, and divorce cases concerned about the people's livelihood. The problems and deficiencies in the collection of litigation expenses of property distribution are put forward. The author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve and reduce the standard of charging for litigation expenses in property cases. In view of the shortcomings in the system of litigation costs in our country, Chapter 5th puts forward some measures to improve the unreasonable status of litigation costs in China.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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