关于完善我国刑事诉讼中庭前会议制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 11:43

本文选题：刑事诉讼　切入点：庭前会议　出处：《安徽大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2012年我国首次将刑事庭前会议制度这一全新规定正式写入《刑事诉讼法》中。设立刑事庭前会议这一制度,其目的就是提升司法审判的效率,维护公平和解决争议,作为准备程序的核心,实施三年来有效的增强了控辩审三方在诉讼中的参与程度。同时,由于我国的庭前会议制度才刚刚建立一个雏形,相关配套的法律和司法解释还较为抽象,其功能与作用在实践中尚无法得到完全发挥。刑事庭前会议制度在实践中已运行三年,出现了不少经典案例。笔者结合新《刑事诉讼法》和最高法司法解释,通过采用案例说明、数据比较研究等方法,深入剖析现阶段庭前会议制度启动程序不规范、适用范围不明确、参加人员规定宽泛、具体内容不细致、法律效力有待增强等司法现状。伴随着世界各国司法文明的程度越来越高,人权保护这一问题也愈发被广泛重视起来,庭前会议以及与此类似的程序已在世界各国不断设立和完善。无疑,各国将庭前会议制度纳入本国的刑事诉讼法中已是不可阻挡的趋势。然而,鉴于具体国情、政治背景、历史文化、民族风俗等的影响,每个国家对刑事庭前会议的规定又各不相同。但是总体上说,庭前会议制度的目的主要是辅助庭审程序以及充分保证相对弱势的辩方的权利。就庭前会议的而言,既存在将该程序规定为强制的必经的程序如英国,也存在依职权和依申请启动并存的方式如美国。每个国家庭前会议的效力各不相同,即在庭前会议上解决的问题的协商结果在其后的法庭审判中所起到的作用和意义不同,如美国的庭前会议记录就要由与会人员签字发生效力,俄罗斯可以利用庭前会议决定开庭和终止诉讼等事项。庭前会议制度不仅是庭前准备程序必不可少的部分,也是一个相对独立的刑事诉讼阶段,其与庭前准备、预审程序等概念相似但又有着不同的价值和功能。庭前会议具有程序和实体两大功能,完善我国的庭前会议制度将大大提高刑事诉讼的效率、维护司法的公正、切实保障当事人的人权。如何完善中国刑事诉讼中的庭前会议制度是文章的重点着墨之处。笔者从庭前会议的启动、庭前会议主持人员、庭前会议的内容、法律效力等方面进行分析。从司法理念的角度来讲,庭前会议程序以协调诉讼效率和公平正义、保护当事人权利为出发点处理实体性问题与程序性问题的关系；从具体的程序设计角度来讲,规范庭前会议的启动程序、划定庭前会议的适用范围、明确庭前会议的参加人员、细化庭前会议的内容、增强庭前会议的法律效力,建立中国特色的证据展示与保全制度。进一步完善我国的刑事庭前会议制度不仅是以“审判为中心”的诉讼制度改革的必然要求,更是新《刑事诉讼法》颁布后需要重点解决的司法实践问题。
[Abstract]:In 2012, for the first time in China, the new regulation of the system of criminal court meeting was formally written into the Criminal procedure Law. The purpose of establishing the system is to improve the efficiency of judicial trial, to safeguard fairness and to resolve disputes. As the core of the preparatory process, the three years of implementation have effectively enhanced the participation of the three parties in the proceedings. At the same time, since China's pre-trial conference system has only just established an embryonic form, The relevant supporting legal and judicial interpretations are still relatively abstract, and their functions and functions cannot be fully brought into play in practice. The pre-court conference system has been in operation for three years in practice. There have been many classic cases. The author, in combination with the new Criminal procedure Law and the Judicial interpretation of the Supreme Law, deeply analyzes the non-standard procedure for the initiation of the pre-court meeting system at the present stage by using the methods of case description and comparative study of data. The scope of application is unclear, the participants have broad provisions, the specific content is not detailed, and the legal effect needs to be enhanced. With the increasing degree of judicial civilization in various countries in the world, the issue of human rights protection has been paid more and more attention to. Pre-court meetings and similar procedures have been continuously established and improved in countries around the world... there is no doubt that it is an unstoppable trend for States to incorporate the system of pre-trial meetings into their criminal procedure laws... however, given the specific national circumstances and the political context, The influence of history, culture, national customs, etc., the provisions of each country on the pre-court meeting are different. But generally speaking, The purpose of the pre-trial conference system is primarily to assist in the trial proceedings and to fully guarantee the rights of the relatively vulnerable defence. In the case of the pre-trial meeting, there is a necessary procedure for making the procedure mandatory, such as the United Kingdom, There are also ways in which ex officio and application initiation coexist, such as in the United States... the effectiveness of pre-family meetings varies from country to country, that is to say, the outcome of consultations on issues resolved in pre-trial meetings has played a different role and significance in subsequent court trials, If the minutes of the pre-court meeting in the United States are to be signed by the participants, Russia can use the pre-court meeting to decide such matters as the opening of the court session and the termination of the proceedings. The system of pre-court meetings is not only an essential part of the pre-court preparatory process. It is also a relatively independent stage of criminal proceedings, which is similar to the concepts of pre-trial preparation and pre-trial proceedings, but has different values and functions. Pre-court meetings have two major functions: procedural and substantive. Perfecting the system of pre-trial conference in our country will greatly improve the efficiency of criminal proceedings and safeguard the fairness of the administration of justice. How to improve the system of pretrial meeting in criminal proceedings in China is the key point of the article. The author begins with the initiation of the pretrial meeting, the presiding officer of the pretrial meeting, and the content of the pretrial meeting, From the point of view of judicial concept, the procedure of pretrial meeting deals with the relationship between substantive and procedural issues from the point of view of coordination of litigation efficiency and fairness and justice, and protection of the rights of the parties. From the point of view of specific program design, we should standardize the starting procedure of the pre-court meeting, delimit the applicable scope of the pre-court meeting, clarify the participants of the pre-court meeting, refine the content of the pre-court meeting, and enhance the legal effect of the pre-court meeting. The establishment of evidence display and preservation system with Chinese characteristics and the further improvement of our country's pre-court conference system are not only the inevitable requirements of the reform of the litigation system with "trial as the center". After the promulgation of the new Criminal procedure Law, the judicial practice problems need to be solved.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

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