我国刑事特别没收程序研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 06:09

本文选题：刑事没收程序　切入点：人权保障　出处：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《刑事诉讼法》第五编特别程序中的“没收潜逃、死亡犯罪嫌疑人、被告人违法所得程序”是一种不同于对人进行审判的程序,是针对涉案财产的审判程序,是将贪污腐败类和恐怖活动类等重大刑事案件的犯罪嫌疑人的涉案财产进行没收的程序。设立的目的是为了追缴贪官与恐怖分子等犯罪分子所隐瞒或转移的违法所得,避免犯罪嫌疑人自杀、出逃导致国家财产流失。刑事特别没收程序填补了法律空白,弥补了我国刑事缺席审判制度的缺失,更是我国反腐以及打击恐怖势力不可或缺的法律工具。但其规定原则性较强,具体操作性较弱,因而需要从理论和实践层面对其进行研究。本文旨在通过阐述刑事特别没收程序中的诉讼权利和义务来明晰其基础理论,明确该程序存在的必要性,通过了解国外的运行模式,进行比较借鉴,深入分析我国刑事特别没收程序在立法和司法上存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出意见和建议。本文共分五大部分：第一部分：刑事特别没收程序的概念与特点。首先对刑事没收的中外发展沿革进行介绍,进而界定刑事没收程序的含义。在对含义进行界定的同时,进一步得出刑事特别没收程序的特点,即：没收范围的特殊性；没收对象的特殊性；启动主体的特殊性；诉讼规则的特殊性；救济方式的特殊性。第二部分：刑事特别没收程序的价值和现实必要性。它是我国审判制度中的一种新程序,也是保护被害人利益和国家财产的最佳体现,程序中补充缺席审判制度的内容更体现了科学立法的要求,这些都为刑事特别没收程序的确立奠定了基础。第三部分：刑事特别没收程序的域外考察。该部分分别对英国和美国的刑事特别没收程序进行了考察,分析了它们的制度基础以及当前英美特别没收程序的具体规定。第四部分：我国刑事特别没收程序的现状与缺陷。通过对我国刑事特别没收程序的具体内容的展开,对我国刑事特别没收程序的现状进行分析,指出我国刑事特别没收程序的缺陷和存在的问题。第五部分：我国刑事特别没收程序的完善。这部分首先介绍了特别没收程序的原则,该部分也探讨了我国如何依据特别没收程序的原则完善立法和程序推进,如审判前后程序的推进,如何合理利用司法资源等。
[Abstract]:The procedure of confiscation and absconding, the procedure of criminal suspects and the illegal gains of the accused in the 5th special procedure of the Criminal procedure Law is a procedure different from that of the trial of a person, and it is a trial procedure aimed at the property involved in the case. It is a procedure for confiscating the property of suspects involved in major criminal cases such as corruption and terrorist activities. The purpose of its establishment is to recover the illegal proceeds concealed or transferred by corrupt officials and terrorists and other criminal elements. To avoid suicide of criminal suspects and to flee to lead to the loss of state property. The special criminal confiscation procedure has filled the legal gap and made up for the absence of the criminal trial system in absentia in our country. It is also an indispensable legal tool for our country to fight corruption and the fight against terrorist forces. However, its provisions are strong in principle and its specific operation is relatively weak. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the basic theory of the procedure by expounding the procedural rights and obligations in the criminal special confiscation procedure, to clarify the necessity of the existence of the procedure, and to understand the mode of operation of foreign countries. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the problems existing in the legislation and judicature of the criminal special confiscation procedure in China, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for these problems. This paper is divided into five parts:. The first part: the concept and characteristics of criminal special confiscation procedure. Firstly, the development and evolution of criminal confiscation are introduced, and then the meaning of criminal confiscation procedure is defined. Furthermore, the characteristics of special confiscation procedure are obtained, that is, the particularity of confiscation scope, the particularity of confiscation object, the particularity of starting subject, the particularity of procedural rules and the particularity of relief mode. The second part: the value and realistic necessity of the special criminal confiscation procedure. It is a new procedure in the trial system of our country, and it is also the best embodiment of protecting the interests of the victims and the national property. The content of the system of trial in absentia reflects the requirement of scientific legislation, which lays the foundation for the establishment of special confiscation procedure. The third part: the extraterritorial investigation of criminal special confiscation procedure, which examines the criminal special confiscation procedure in Britain and America, analyzes their institutional basis and the specific provisions of the current special confiscation procedure in the United States and the United States. Part 4th: the present situation and defects of criminal special confiscation procedure in China. Through the development of specific contents of criminal special confiscation procedure in our country, this paper analyzes the present situation of criminal special confiscation procedure in our country. The defects and problems of special confiscation procedure in China are pointed out. Part 5th: the perfection of special confiscation procedure in our country. This part first introduces the principle of special confiscation procedure. This part also discusses how to perfect the legislation and procedure advancement according to the principle of special confiscation procedure in our country. Such as the advance of the procedure before and after the trial, how to use the judicial resources reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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