未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的适用与完善

发布时间：2018-03-14 11:36

本文选题：未成年人　切入点：犯罪记录　出处：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：犯罪记录作为现代社会管理制度的一项重要内容,反映了国家专门机关对犯罪人员情况的客观记载，在社会各个管理领域中具有重要的价值基础。而多数未成年人犯罪在主观上所体现出的主观恶性小、动机单纯、随意性大等特点，，决定了国家在处理未成年人犯罪记录时既要体现刑事打击的目的，更要重视“教育，感化，挽救”及“教育为主、惩罚为辅”少年司法政策的贯彻落实，未成年人犯罪记录封存制度符合了少年刑事司法改革的方向，为符合条件的失足未成年人回归社会创造了有利条件。《刑事诉讼法》第二百七十五条有关未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的出台以及相关司法解释的规定，标志着我国少年司法迈上了新的阶梯。但是，我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度存在规定过于原则、支持体系不健全、缺乏可操作性等缺陷。这使得这一历史性的制度很难贯彻落实，同时也导致那些犯罪记录符合封存条件的未成年无法很好地融入社会。本文在对犯罪记录基本法律事实分析的基础上，为我国未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的完善提出合理化建议。本文正文部分分为四章：第一章，犯罪记录的基本法律事实。该章主要分析犯罪记录的概念及犯罪记录存在的价值基础，并引申出未成年人犯罪记录特殊处理方式的可行性。第二章，未成年人犯罪记录特殊处理方式的域内外经验。该章分为三小节，第一小节为域内有关未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的试点案例分析，第二小节为域外经验介绍及分析，第三节对域内、域外经验的有关未成年人犯罪记录特殊处理方式的比较分析。第三章，我国有关未成年人犯罪记录封存制度概述。本章从我国现存的法律制度出发阐述我国的未成年人犯罪记录封存制度。并提出如何正确理解我国有关未成年人犯罪记录封存制度及分析该制度存在的缺陷。第四章，未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的完善构想。该章从认识标准、实体要件、程序要件等三个方面对未成年人犯罪记录封存制度的未来发展提出自己的浅薄之见。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the modern social management system, the criminal record reflects the objective record of the criminal personnel by the specialized organs of the state. It has an important value foundation in all fields of social management. However, most juvenile delinquency has the characteristics of small subjective malignancy, simple motive, large arbitrariness and so on. It has decided that when dealing with juvenile delinquency records, the state should not only reflect the purpose of criminal crackdown, but also attach more importance to the implementation of the juvenile justice policy of "education, probation, rescue" and "education as the main task, supplemented by punishment", The closure system of juvenile delinquency records conforms to the direction of juvenile criminal justice reform and creates favorable conditions for the eligible juvenile delinquents to return to society. The publication of the system of closing and keeping juvenile delinquency records and the relevant judicial interpretation in 275th articles of the Criminal procedure Law mark a new step in juvenile justice in our country. However, There are some defects in the system of closing and keeping juvenile criminal records in China, such as over-principle, imperfect support system, lack of maneuverability, etc. This makes this historic system difficult to carry out. At the same time, it also leads to the fact that minors whose criminal records meet the conditions of sealing up cannot be well integrated into society. This paper analyzes the basic legal facts of criminal records, The text of this paper is divided into four chapters:. The first chapter, the basic legal facts of the criminal record, mainly analyzes the concept of the criminal record and the value basis of the existence of the criminal record, and extends the feasibility of the special treatment of the juvenile criminal record. The second chapter, the experience inside and outside the field of the special treatment of juvenile delinquency record. This chapter is divided into three sections. The first section is the pilot case analysis of the system of juvenile delinquency record sealing in the region. The second section is the introduction and analysis of the extraterritorial experience, and the third section is the comparative analysis of the special treatment of juvenile delinquency records in the region. Chapter III, An overview of the system of sealing and storing juvenile criminal records in China. This chapter expounds the system of sealing and storing juvenile criminal records in our country from the existing legal system of our country, and puts forward how to correctly understand the relevant juvenile delinquency in our country. Record the system of sealing and keeping and analyze the defects of the system. In Chapter 4th, the author puts forward his own views on the future development of juvenile criminal record sealing system from three aspects: cognitive standards, substantive elements and procedural requirements.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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