未决没收程序利害关系人权益保障的规制与完善思考

发布时间：2018-03-17 18:15

本文选题：未决没收程序　切入点：利害关系人　出处：《华东政法大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国对贪污、贿赂犯罪以及恐怖活动犯罪等重大刑事犯罪打击力度的不断增强,有关案犯逃匿、长期不到案,或者选择自杀的情况时有发生,该类情况的发生直接影响涉案财产的合法妥善处置。以往类似情况发生后,因缺乏统一规范的处置路径和方法,往往造成无法回转的处置后果。2012年我国在对刑事诉讼法典进行修正的过程中,专门增设了一项刑事特别程序“犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序”,也即“未决没收程序”。这一程序的设立宗旨主要在于规制前类案件相关情况发生时,可以不因犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿或死亡而导致其违法所得无法合法有效追索。应当讲,我国对该项程序的设置,从司法实践的情况看,极大地促进了我国对类似情况的有效处置。然而,由于刑事诉讼法典在修正时并没有同时对涉案财产处理过程中可能会涉及的相关利害关系人的合法财产权益的处置作出具体详尽的规定,因此,容易造成相关利害关系人财产权益遭受损害,从而酿成不必要的次生矛盾和持续的涉法信访。因此,在未决没收程序中增设相关涉案财产的利害关系人参与程序,将有利于使相关利害关系人通过参与该项特别程序而获得涉案财产处置过程在实体和程序上的双重公正。有鉴于此,我们有必要加强对我国该项特别程序中有关利害关系人财产权益保障的程序设计研究,并通过专项的研究成果形成对该项程序设计规划的强有力的理论支持。本文采用章节格式,分四大章对主题进行论述:第一章对论文主题所涉的未决没收程序中的利害关系人的基本理论进行论述。其中包括对未决没收程序的法律属性及特征进行辨析,对该程序中的利害关系人法义进行解读。在论述时对该程序中的利害关系人的法理范围加以界定,同时对利害关系人参与未决没收程序的法律依据及在未决没收程序中的诉讼地位进行理论阐释。第二章是对我国刑事未决没收程序中利害关系人权益保障的立法及司法现状进行分析。其中主要对利害关系人在未决没收程序中享有的权利和承担的义务、司法实践中利害关系人参与未决没收程序的基本情况及存在的问题加以论证分析。第三章对域外国家相关程序中有关利害关系人权益保障的立法和司法状况进行考察论证,比较借鉴域外相关制度的有益经验。主要对以美国、英国、澳大利亚为代表的英美法系及德国、日本为代表的大陆法系等国家在未决没收程序中有关利害关系人权益保障的制度设计进行比较论证,以期从中汲取适合我国未决没收程序中利害关系人权益保障的有益经验。第四章是从立法和司法两个层面提出我国刑事未决没收程序利害关系人权益保障的规制与完善建议,分别从审前程序、庭审程序以及救济程序等方面提出对利害关系人权益的程序保障方案。本文试图通过对未决没收程序中利害关系人权益保障理论的梳理和我国立法对未决没收程序中利害关系人权益保障的相关规定以及司法实践中利害关系人参与未决没收程序现状的分析,论证在该项刑事特别程序中增设利害关系人财产权益保障制度及相关工作机制的必要性、合理性以及可行性。笔者试图在借鉴域外先进经验的基础上,构建适合我国现行法律体系的未决没收程序利害关系人权益保障的规范法治体系,从而进一步完善我国现行的刑事未决没收程序。
[Abstract]:Along with our country of corruption, bribery crime, terrorist crimes and other serious criminal crackdown on increasing the perpetrators escape, long-term custody, or Dutch act when circumstances have occurred, the legal proper situations directly affect the property involved. After the occurrence of similar situations in the past, due to lack of disposal path and standardized method, often cause cannot turn the disposal of the consequences in China.2012 in the criminal procedure law amendment process, specially set up a special criminal procedure "criminal suspects, defendants into hiding, the death of the illegal income confiscated program", or "pending the confiscation procedure. This procedure the main purpose of which is to set up the occurrence of related regulation cases, can not because of the criminal suspect, defendant escape or death due to the illegal income to effectively pursue Cable. It should be said, in our country the procedures set up from the judicial practice situation, greatly promote the effective disposal of our country to similar situations. However, due to the related criminal procedure code in the amendment is not involved in the process of property may be involved in the relationship of the legitimate property rights the disposal of specific provisions, therefore, easy to cause damage to the interests of stakeholders and property, thus causing secondary unnecessary conflicts and sustained petition. Therefore, the pending confiscation procedure involved additional property stakeholders involved in the program, will be conducive to the relevant stakeholders to obtain the dual property involved in the disposal process in the justice of the entity and procedure by participating in the special program. In view of this, we need to strengthen the interests of our country in the special procedure of property relations Study on the property rights protection program design, and support for the program planning and design of the powerful theory formed by special research results. This paper uses the section format, divided into four chapters: the first chapter discusses the theme of the theme of the thesis involved pending forfeiture proceedings in the basic theory of the relationship between people's interests are discussed. Including the pending legal attributes and characteristics of the analysis of the confiscation procedure, the interpretation of the meaning of law stakeholders in the program. In the discussion of the legal definition of scope of stakeholders in the program, and the legal basis for interested parties to participate in the program and in the confiscation of pending litigation status pending confiscated program the theoretical explanation. The second chapter is on China's criminal legislation and judicial status pending forfeiture procedure protection of human rights interests were analyzed. The main stakeholders of Enjoy the pending confiscation procedure of rights and obligations in the judicial practice of stakeholders involved in the basic situation of pending forfeiture procedure and the problems to be demonstrated and analyzed. The third chapter inspects argumentation of extraterritorial national legislative and judicial status of the interested parties to protect the rights and interests of the relevant procedures, comparison of extraterritorial experience related mainly to the system. In the United States, Britain, Australia and Germany as the representative of the common law system, the design of Japan as the representative of the civil law countries such as the pending forfeiture proceedings in the interested parties to protect the rights and interests of the comparison, in order to learn the useful experience for our outstanding interest in the protection of the confiscation procedure of the rights of people from in the fourth chapter. From two aspects of legislation and judicature in China is put forward the criminal forfeiture proceedings pending interest regulation and perfection of human rights protection construction From the discussion, pretrial procedure, this procedure guarantee scheme for the interests of the stakeholders of the trial procedure and relief procedures. This paper tries to analyze the relevant provisions of the pending forfeiture of interest guarantee pending forfeiture proceedings in the interests of stakeholders theory and legislation and judicial practice in the relationship between people involved in the pending forfeiture the program status of the program to protect the rights and interests of stakeholders, demonstrates the necessity of the system to protect the property rights of stakeholders and related work in the creation of the mechanism of special criminal procedure, rationality and feasibility. The author attempts to learn from foreign advanced experience, the rule of law system construction of China's current legal system of pending forfeiture to protect the rights and interests of stakeholders, to further improve China's current criminal pretrial confiscation procedure.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

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