论犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得没收程序

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:33

本文选题：没收程序　切入点：贪污贿赂　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国,贪污贿赂案件、恐怖活动案件中犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡情况越来越多,而在2013年新《刑事诉讼法》实行以前,因为犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿或者死亡而导致未启动刑事诉讼程序的将无法启动,已经启动刑事诉讼程序的根据不同阶段分别作出撤销案件、不起诉、中止审理等处理,这样一来不仅无法追究犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的法律责任,无法补偿被害人的损失,也侵害了国家财产。因此,新《刑事诉讼法》在第五编特别程序的第三章中用一整章来规定犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序。对于该没收程序的立法原因从程序法上说是完善刑事法律体系的内在要求；从实体法上说有利于追缴犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的违法所得以及涉案财物；从国际层面上来看,为追缴流落在国外的财物提供了法律依据,显示了中国在打击腐败贿赂、恐怖活动犯罪案件上的决心。本文共分为四个部分：第一章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序概述该部分主要讨论了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得的没收程序的含义；该没收程序的独立性、适用案件特殊性、适用对象特殊性、没收客体广泛性、证明标准宽松性等特征；从程序法、实体法等方面解释了该没收程序的立法原因；阐述了没收程序的国际法依据以及对该没收程序先进性做出了分析。第二章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件违法所得没收程序的立法状况这一部分首先考察了2012年以前,国内法律,如《刑法》、《人民检察院刑事诉讼法则》、《最高人民法院关于执行中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法若干问题的解释》等法律对违法所得没收程序的各项规定以及其中的漏洞,然后笔者主要从该没收程序的适用范围、申请主体、决定主体、其启动程序和管辖机关以及其性质等方面来解读2012年《刑事诉讼法》关于没收程序的相关规定。第三章域外关于违法所得没收程序的考察笔者阐述了英美法系、大陆法系国家法律对没收程序的规定,其后,笔者分析了我国与其他国家关于没收程序的规定在性质、证明标准、适用对象、主管机关方面的不同。第四章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡违法所得没收程序的漏洞及完善这一部分提出《刑事诉讼法》申请主体,证明对象、证明责任和证明标准,审理程序,适用范围等规定的漏洞,然后对这些问题如何完善给出了若干建议。
[Abstract]:In our country, corruption and bribery cases, terrorist activities in cases of criminal suspects, defendants fled hiding, death more and more, and in 2013 before the implementation of the new Code of Criminal procedure, because the suspects, If the defendant escapes or dies, which results in the failure to initiate criminal proceedings, the criminal procedure has been initiated and the cases of withdrawal, non-prosecution, and suspension of the trial are separately made according to the different stages of the criminal proceedings. In this way, not only can we not investigate the legal liability of the criminal suspects and the accused, nor can we compensate the victims for their losses, they also infringe upon the property of the state. The new Code of Criminal procedure uses an entire chapter in chapter III of part 5 special procedures to provide for the escape of criminal suspects and accused persons. The procedure for confiscation of illegal proceeds in death cases. The legislative reasons for the confiscation procedure are the inherent requirements of perfecting the criminal legal system from the procedural law, and the substantive law is conducive to the recovery of criminal suspects. The illegal proceeds of the defendants and the property involved in the case, from the international level, provide the legal basis for the recovery of foreign property, which shows China's determination in cracking down on corruption, bribery and terrorist crimes. This paper is divided into four parts:. Chapter 1 Summary of confiscation procedures for illegal proceeds of criminal suspects and defendants in cases of escape and concealment. This part mainly discusses the meaning of the confiscation procedure of the criminal suspect, the defendant, the illegal income in the death case, the independence of the confiscation procedure, the particularity of the applicable case, the particularity of the applicable object, the universality of the confiscation object, It explains the legislative reasons of the confiscation procedure from the aspects of procedural law and substantive law, expounds the international law basis of the confiscation procedure and makes an analysis of the advanced nature of the confiscation procedure. Chapter II Legislative status of the procedure for confiscation of illegal proceeds of Criminal suspects and defendants fleeing and hiding or in death cases. This part first examines the domestic law before 2012. For example, the provisions of the Criminal Law, the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Procuratorate, the interpretation of certain issues concerning the execution of the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Republic of China by the Supreme people's Court, and the loopholes therein, Then the author interprets the relevant provisions of the Criminal procedure Law in 2012 from the aspects of the scope of application of the confiscation procedure, the application subject, the decision subject, the initiation procedure, the jurisdiction and the nature of the confiscation procedure. Chapter III Extraterritorial investigation on the procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds. The author expounds the provisions of confiscation procedure in the laws of Anglo-American law system and civil law system. Then, the author analyzes the differences between China and other countries in the nature, standard of proof, applicable object and competent authority. Chapter IV loopholes in the procedure of confiscation of criminal suspects and defendants and their perfection. This part puts forward the loopholes of the application subject, the object of proof, the burden of proof and the standard of proof, the procedure of trial, the scope of application and so on, and then gives some suggestions on how to perfect these problems.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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