司法机关释宪的制度困境——一种原旨主义回答

发布时间：2018-03-26 14:42

本文选题：司法机关释宪　切入点：原旨主义　出处：《社会科学战线》2013年09期

【摘要】：司法机关释宪制度已经成为美国宪政的重要组成部分,始终面临着制度上的困境。如何解释宪法不仅仅和方法论有关,更要回应司法机关释宪制度自身带来的挑战。原旨主义提出,坚持宪法原旨就是对宪法至上的一种维护,并且宪法原旨的客观唯一能够避免司法机关在释宪过程中僭越宪法界限,从而破坏三权制衡。同时,宪法原旨的客观唯一性也使得司法机关在宪法规定不明确时保持自我谦抑,避免对当代民主的压制,消解司法机关释宪制度自身的反民主性。但是这种论证的前提——原旨的客观唯一性——原旨主义的发展过程中遭到自我消解,这种自我消解导致原旨主义辩护的失败,这种失败的原因来自于解释学的发展,但更深层次的原因来自于原旨主义为了回应社会变迁而不得已所做的妥协。
[Abstract]:The system of judicial interpretation has become an important part of American constitutionalism, and it has always faced a dilemma in the system. How to interpret the constitution is not only related to methodology, It is even more important to respond to the challenges posed by the judicial system of constitutional interpretation. Fundamentalism suggests that upholding the constitutional tenor is a safeguard of the supremacy of the constitution. Moreover, the objective and sole purpose of the Constitution can avoid the judicial organs from overstepping the limits of the Constitution in the process of interpretation of the Constitution, thus undermining the checks and balances of the three powers. At the same time, the objective and unique nature of the original constitutional intent also makes the judicial organs keep self-restraint when the provisions of the Constitution are not clear. Avoiding the suppression of contemporary democracy and dispelling the anti-democratic nature of the judicial system of constitutional interpretation itself. But the premise of this argument, the objective uniqueness of the original tenor, was dispelled by itself in the course of the development of fundamentalism, This self-deconstruction leads to the failure of fundamentalist defense, which comes from the development of hermeneutics, but the deeper reason comes from the compromise that fundamentalism has to make in response to social changes.
【作者单位】：吉林大学法学院;吉林大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学基金项目(10YJA820103)
【分类号】：D926

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