小额诉讼救济机制探究

发布时间：2018-03-26 19:12

本文选题：小额诉讼　切入点：救济机制　出处：《烟台大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2013年1月，伴随着新《民事诉讼法》在我国生效，以快速解决纠纷、提高审判效率为目的的小额诉讼程序在我国正式实施。设立小额诉讼程序是对我国现行司法体系的进一步完善，在便利群众诉讼的同时有效的减轻了法院的审判压力，将在司法实践中发挥独特的作用。然而不可否认的是，小额诉讼程序是以效率为重要价值追求的诉讼程序，在发挥快捷等优势的同时也具有对当事人权益保障不完备等缺陷。而我国小额诉讼“一审终审”的制度设计使再审成为当事人可选择的唯一救济方式，救济渠道狭窄的现实在司法实践中亦是存在诸多不足。因此，我国应在充分借鉴域外先进立法技术与立法经验的基础上构建完备的小额诉讼救济机制，使小额诉讼程序不断走向成熟，在司法实践中发挥更大的作用。本文分为以下四个部分：第一部分我国小额诉讼救济机制的现状。通过分析我国小额诉讼的立法规定，指出再审是小额诉讼当事人可选用的唯一诉讼救济方式，群众认可率低。在此基础上，阐述了我国现行的小额诉讼救济机制在司法实践中引发的一系列的问题。第二部分小额诉讼救济机制必要性探究。从法律理论、司法实践两个角度阐述构建小额诉讼救济机制的意义，证明构建小额诉讼救济机制具有坚实的理论基础与迫切的现实需求。第三部分域外小额诉讼救济机制探析。列举美国、日本和我国台湾地区小额诉讼救济机制的具体规定，用比较研究方式阐明了“动议”、“特殊上诉”、“裁判异议”三种救济方式的特点，为构建我国小额诉讼救济机制提供借鉴。第四部分我国小额诉讼救济机制的构建。在借鉴域外经验的基础上，提出构建我国小额诉讼救济机制的具体建议，包括赋予当事人程序选择权、确立裁判异议机制、设立假执行制度。在保障当事人救济权利的基础上，防止小额诉讼程序滥用，促进法院裁判执行。
[Abstract]:In January 2013, with the entry into force of the new Code of Civil procedure in China, the dispute was resolved quickly. The small claims procedure aimed at improving the efficiency of trial is formally implemented in our country. The establishment of the small claims procedure is a further improvement to the current judicial system of our country, and it effectively alleviates the trial pressure of the court while facilitating the mass litigation. Will play a unique role in judicial practice. However, it is undeniable that the small claims procedure is a procedure which is pursued with the important value of efficiency. While giving full play to the advantages of quickness and other advantages, it also has defects such as incomplete protection of the rights and interests of the parties. However, the system design of "first instance final instance" in China's small claims litigation makes retrial the only remedy that the parties can choose. The reality of narrow relief channels also has many shortcomings in judicial practice. Therefore, our country should build a complete relief mechanism of small claims on the basis of foreign advanced legislative technology and legislative experience. To make the small-sum procedure to mature, in the judicial practice to play a greater role. This paper is divided into the following four parts:. The first part is the present situation of the relief mechanism of the small claims in our country. By analyzing the legislative provisions of the small claims in our country, the author points out that retrial is the only way that the litigants can choose, and the acceptance rate of the masses is low. On this basis, This paper expounds a series of problems caused by the current relief mechanism of minor action in our country in judicial practice. The second part explores the necessity of the relief mechanism of small claims litigation. From the angle of legal theory and judicial practice, it expounds the significance of constructing the relief mechanism of small claims litigation. It is proved that there is a solid theoretical foundation and urgent practical demand to construct the relief mechanism of minor action. The third part of the extraterritorial small claims relief mechanism. Enumerates the United States, Japan and Taiwan area small claims relief mechanism specific provisions, This paper clarifies the characteristics of the three kinds of relief methods by means of comparative study, including motion, special appeal and judgment dissent, which can be used for reference in the construction of the relief mechanism of small claims in our country. The fourth part is the construction of the relief mechanism of small claims litigation in our country. On the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of foreign countries, the author puts forward some specific suggestions for constructing the relief mechanism of small claims in China, including giving the parties the right to choose the procedure and establishing the mechanism of dissent from the judge. On the basis of protecting the litigants' right of relief, the system of false execution should be established to prevent the abuse of small claims and to promote the enforcement of court decisions.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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