论民事起诉权的保障

发布时间：2018-03-29 15:10

本文选题：诉权　切入点：诉讼权利　出处：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：诉权这一概念有着悠久的历史,最早可以追溯至罗马法中关于诉的制度(actio)。①民事诉权理论因其复杂性,一直以来享有民事诉讼理论研究中“哥德巴赫猜想”的美誉,然而相比较于整个民事诉权理论的研究,对民事起诉权这一理论的研究多少则呈现出一种“鸡肋”的意味。纵观诉权的历史发展过程,其难以特定的内涵以及其复杂的理论线条给研究者带来了诸多研究上的困惑,在实际的理论研究中,起诉权大多被作为诉权研究的影子存在并被研究,没有得到一个独立的研究视角。因此,在难以形成较为一致的诉权理论的情形下,起诉权的研究空间显得更为狭窄。在这种大背景之下研究民事起诉权的保障问题无疑在起点上就已存在着“天然的限制”。本文立足于我国民事诉讼立法和司法实践状况,着眼于起诉条件过高、立案审查制度的弊端、受理难等热点问题,结合我国的实际国情,在借鉴域外国家立案登记制度的基础上,提出我国民事起诉权的保障路径：第一,依据案件的不同性质并且结合我国重实体法的特点,构建立案登记与立案审查的二元机制；第二,降低起诉条件,与立案登记制度尽量配套,尽可能减少被拒于法院之外的案件数量；第三,在法院“不立不裁”的情形下,通过构建立案检查监督机制,引入人民检察院的参与,为当事人提供一条起诉权的救济途径；第四,其他保障手段,包括树立正确的诉权观念、建立诉讼保障基金以及民事实体法的协调保障等几个方面。
[Abstract]:The concept of the right of action has a long history, which can be traced back to the system of action in Roman law. Because of its complexity, the theory of civil right of action has always enjoyed the reputation of "Goldbach's conjecture" in the study of the theory of civil action. However, compared with the study of the whole theory of civil right of action, the research on the theory of civil right of action presents a kind of meaning of "chicken rib". Its difficult specific connotation and its complex theoretical lines have brought a lot of confusion to the researchers. In the actual theoretical research, the right of prosecution is mostly studied as the shadow of the study of the right of action. Without an independent research perspective. Therefore, when it is difficult to form a more consistent theory of the right of action, The research space of the right of action is more narrow. Under this background, there is no doubt that there are "natural limitations" on the protection of the civil right of action from the starting point. Based on the legislative and judicial practice of civil litigation in China, this paper focuses on the hot issues, such as too high prosecution conditions, malpractice of filing and examination system, difficulties in accepting cases, and so on, combining with the actual situation of our country. On the basis of drawing lessons from the registration system of foreign countries, this paper puts forward the ways to guarantee the civil right of action in our country. Firstly, according to the different nature of the case and the characteristics of the substantive law of our country, the dual mechanism of filing registration and filing examination is constructed; Second, to reduce the conditions for prosecution, to complement the registration system as far as possible, and to minimize the number of cases rejected from the court; third, to establish a mechanism for filing, inspection and supervision through the establishment of a mechanism for filing, inspection and supervision in the case of a court that "does not make a decision." Introducing the participation of the people's procuratorate to provide a relief way for the litigant to sue. Fourth, other safeguard means, including setting up the correct concept of the right of action, establishing the litigation protection fund and coordinating the protection of the civil substantive law and so on.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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