我国法官惩戒委员会制度改革研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 20:22

本文选题：司法独立　切入点：司法责任　出处：《江西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,各种司法腐败及法官违纪现象的频现,破坏了司法公信力,使得社会公众对司法公正产生了质疑,同时也暴露了我国传统法官惩戒制度的诸多弊端。党的十八届三中全会提出了全面深化司法体制改革,在明确保障法官依法独立行使审判权的同时,也对落实法官办案责任制提出了要求,因此应当建立相应的法官惩戒制度,而法官惩戒制度中如何设置法官惩戒机构对于平衡司法独立与司法责任之间的关系显得尤为重要。文章正文第一部分为理论基础部分,主要介绍法官惩戒制度的法理基础和国内关于建立专门法官惩戒机构的主流观点,分析法官惩戒委员会制度改革的意义;第二部分介绍并分析我国现行有关法官惩戒机制的立法及实践,得出我国传统的法官惩戒机制中存在的主体中立性及专业性不足、惩戒程序公正性不强、救济途径行政化的缺陷;第三部分对法官惩戒委员会人员构成、惩戒程序进行分析,论证法官惩戒委员会制度改革在专业性、程序公正性、保障司法相对独立等方面的进步性;第四部分对法官惩戒委员会制度改革的局限性加以分析讨论,提出改革中存在的惩戒委员会独立性不够、无程序启动权、提出惩戒意见没有相关保障以及救济途径缺乏等问题;第五部分针对改革中存在的问题,对比域外及我国台湾地区相应的法官惩戒机构及惩戒程序的设立,从机构设置、权能边界、保障措施以及救济途径等方面着手,为法官惩戒委员会制度的完善提供思路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of various kinds of judicial corruption and judges' violation of discipline has destroyed the judicial credibility and made the public question the judicial justice. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed to deepen the reform of the judicial system in an all-round way, while clearly guaranteeing judges to exercise their judicial power independently according to law. The implementation of the responsibility system for judges' handling of cases is also required, and a corresponding disciplinary system for judges should therefore be established. However, how to set up the judicial disciplinary institution in the system of judge discipline is particularly important to balance the relationship between judicial independence and judicial responsibility. The first part of the paper is the theoretical basis. This paper mainly introduces the legal basis of the judge disciplinary system and the mainstream views on the establishment of the specialized judge disciplinary institution in China, and analyzes the significance of the reform of the judge disciplinary committee system. The second part introduces and analyzes the current legislation and practice of the judge disciplinary mechanism in our country, and draws the conclusion that the main body in the traditional judge disciplinary mechanism is not neutral and professional, and the justice of the disciplinary procedure is not strong. The third part analyzes the composition of the judges' disciplinary committee personnel and the disciplinary procedure, and demonstrates the progress of the reform of the judge's disciplinary committee system in the aspects of professionalism, procedural fairness, and ensuring the relative independence of the judiciary. The fourth part analyzes and discusses the limitations of the reform of the system of the judges' disciplinary committee, and points out that the reform has the following problems: the independence of the disciplinary committee is not enough, there is no right to start the procedure, there is no relevant guarantee to put forward the disciplinary opinion, and there is a lack of remedies. The fifth part, aiming at the problems existing in the reform, contrasts the establishment of the corresponding disciplinary institutions and disciplinary procedures of judges outside China and Taiwan, from the aspects of institutional setting, the boundary of power, the safeguard measures and the ways of relief, etc. To provide the train of thought for the perfection of the system of the judge disciplinary committee.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.2

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