公安机关侦查阶段犯罪嫌疑人权益保障问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 12:02

本文选题：公安机关　切入点：侦查阶段　出处：《天津师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：公安机关承担着刑事诉讼案件侦查取证和对刑事诉讼犯罪嫌疑人采取强制措施的重要职能,是刑事诉讼法重要的执行主体之一。经过长时间的摸索、经验的积累和实践的检验,我国公安机关的工作已经形成立案、侦查、提出起诉或者不起诉意见三项主要工作。侦查在刑诉法中的定义是指：“公安机关、人民检察院在办理案件过程中,依照法律进行的专门调查工作和有关的强制性措施”。侦查阶段是公安机关工作的重要组成部分,承担着寻找事实真相的重要职能。文章第一部分概述,明确了公安机关的受案范围,为公安机关的工作内容做出了范围界定。为侦查阶段的公安机关与我国军事机关,其他国家行政机关、人民检察院和审判机关划清了组织界限。明确了证据的概念和法律规定,由于无法完全还原案件事实,故而需要用证据来明确,明确证据的意义对于维护正义具有十分重要的作用。再者证据的概述与后文着重笔墨描述的非法证据排除规则紧紧相关,密不可分。犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益,其保障程度直接取决于侦查人员,因此对侦查人员的素质有很大要求,对其监督也需进一步加强。文章第二部分介绍公安机关侦查阶段侵犯犯罪嫌疑人合法权益的主要形式,首先是非正式证据种类“到案经过”的说明,其次是无法通知的规定和指定地点的监视居住,也是本文重点篇幅描述的内容。文章第三部分是针对第二部分的解决措施,即维护侦查阶段犯罪嫌疑人合法权益的方法与措施,首先要进一步落实无罪推定原则和非法证据排除规则,其次有待于侦查人员素质的提高,包括完善选人用人制度、提高政治文化法律素养等等,最后强调了强化监督的重要性,完善我国的监督制度刻不容缓,对减少冤假错案的发生具有十分现实的意义。特别注意,本文参照大量网络信息,引用网络信息的目的在于可能性的论证,比如马晓军事件,由于无公开报道,故而对其遭遇的引用,目的在于论证指定地点监视居住操作上的违法可能性,事件真实与否并非本文关注重点。
[Abstract]:The public security organ is one of the important executive subjects of the criminal procedure law, which undertakes the important function of the investigation and collection of evidence in criminal procedure cases and the taking of compulsory measures on the suspects of criminal procedure.After a long period of exploration, the accumulation of experience and the examination of practice, the work of public security organs in our country has formed three main tasks: putting on record, investigating, putting forward prosecution or not prosecuting opinions.The definition of investigation in the Criminal procedure Law refers to: "Public security organs and people's procuratorates, in the course of handling cases, carry out special investigation work and relevant compulsory measures in accordance with the law".The investigation stage is an important part of the work of the public security organs, and undertakes the important function of seeking the truth.In the first part, the author clarifies the scope of the cases and defines the contents of the work of the public security organs.For the investigation stage of the public security organs and our military organs, other state administrative organs, people's procuratorates and judicial organs draw a clear organizational line.The concept and legal provisions of evidence are clearly defined. Since the facts of the case cannot be completely restored, it is necessary to use evidence to make it clear that the significance of evidence plays a very important role in maintaining justice.Furthermore, the summary of evidence is closely related to the exclusion rules of illegal evidence described in the following text.The legal rights and interests of criminal suspects depend directly on the investigators, so there is a great demand for the quality of the investigators, and the supervision of them needs to be further strengthened.The second part of the article introduces the main forms of infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of criminal suspects during the investigation stage of public security organs. Firstly, the description of the informal evidence type "going through the case", secondly, the provisions that cannot be notified and the surveillance and residence of designated places.It is also the main content of this article.The third part of the article is to solve the second part of the measures, that is, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of criminal suspects in the investigation phase, first of all, we should further implement the presumption of innocence principle and illegal evidence exclusion rules.Secondly, to improve the quality of investigators, including improving the system of personnel selection, improving political, cultural and legal literacy, and so on. Finally, the importance of strengthening supervision is emphasized, and it is urgent to improve the supervision system of our country.It is of great practical significance to reduce the occurrence of false and wrong cases.In particular, this article refers to a large amount of network information, and the purpose of quoting network information is to demonstrate the possibility. For example, the Ma Xiaojun incident, due to the lack of public reporting, is therefore cited against it.The purpose of this paper is to prove the possibility of illegal monitoring of residential operation in designated places. Whether the incident is true or not is not the focus of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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