论我国“专家辅助人”制度的完善

发布时间：2018-04-05 19:27

本文选题：专家辅助人　切入点：鉴定人　出处：《西北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：处在社会不断发展和法治不停进步的今天,越来越多涉及专业领域的问题出现在诉讼过程中,在2001年的《关于民事诉讼若干证据的规定》确立专家辅助人制度之前,我国司法实践中仅存在鉴定制度单轨运行去解决这些涉及的专业领域的问题,这样的情况已经导致：无论是法院的法官或者案件的当事人都不能够通过自己已有的认识和知识去解决这些专业领域的问题,在这种情况下制定一个与我国现有的鉴定制度相配套的专家辅助人制度势在必行。自《刑事诉讼法》颁布以后,标志着在我国三大诉讼法中都有了关于“有专门知识的人”的相应规定,而伴随该项制度的制定,其中产生了诸如“有专门知识的人”的法律地位和权利义务不明确、“有专门知识的人”的资格认定不具体、“有专门知识的人”的证言采信规定不具体以及“有专门知识的人”的意见带有主观性偏差等问题亟待解决,因为只有解决了这些问题,才能促使新制度高效运行,从而成为鉴定人制度的良好补充,从而实现公平正义。本文开篇从专家辅助人制度概述入手,分别列明分析了对于该制度的研究背景、研究目的和意义、研究文献综述以及研究方法,并对比了英美法系专家证人制度与我国现行专家辅助人制度的异同,通过对比借鉴找出我国现行制度的缺陷,并针对所发现的问题提出了几点完善措施。本文共分为五个部分：第一部分内容主要是对专家辅助人制度进行了简要概述。在这一部分,主要介绍了我国现行专家辅助人制度的研究背景、研究目的和意义、研究文献综述以及研究方法,意图通过简要的介绍使现行专家辅助人制度的轮廓呈现出来,并为后文的分析打下基础。第二部分内容主要是对我国现有专家辅助人制度的现状做了分析。在这一部分,主要对我国现行专家辅助人制度的立法现状以及司法实践现状进行了陈述和分析,在立法现状部分摆出了三大诉讼法对该制度所做的规定；在司法实践现状部分通过对鉴定人制度存在哪些不足进行分析,进而推导出专家辅助人制度的产生是十分必要的。第三部分内容主要是把两种类似的制度,即我国现行专家辅助人制度与英美法系国家的专家证人制度放在一起做了一个横向的比较。这一部分内容着重对英美法系的专家证人制度的缺陷与优势做了介绍,并通过比较我国现行专家辅助人制度与英美法系专家证人制度的异同,点出我国现行制度的不足之处,为下文的缺陷分析做铺垫。第四部分内容为专家辅助人制度的缺陷。这一部分是通过前面两个部分的分析而得出的我国现行专家辅助人制度的几点不足之处。第五部分内容为专家辅助人制度的完善。这一部分内容有针对性的提出了对我国现行专家辅助人制度缺陷的几点完善措施,以期该制度能够更好地运用于司法实践,为司法的公平正义服务。
[Abstract]:In the continuous development of society and the rule of law does not stop the progress today, more and more involved in professional field problems in the process of litigation, in 2001 the provisions on the evidence of some "civil litigation establishing expert auxiliary system before, only to solve these problems involved in the professional field identification system of Monorail operation in the judicial practice of our country and this situation has led to: whether it is a judge of the court or the parties will not be able to solve these problems through professional knowledge and understanding of their own, it is imperative to establish the system of expert appraisal system and a current in this case matching. Since < after criminal law > issued, marking the three big procedural laws in our country have the corresponding provisions on" special knowledge ", and with the development of the system, which produced a Such as "special knowledge" legal status and rights and obligations are not clear, "someone with expertise" qualification "is not specific, with specialized knowledge" and "testimony admissibility provisions are not specific with specialized knowledge" views of the subjective deviation problems to be solved, because only to solve these problems, in order to promote the efficient operation of the new system, so as to become a good supplementary identification system, in order to achieve fairness and justice.
This paper starts from the overview of the auxiliary expert system starts out respectively and analyzes the research background of the system, the purpose and significance of research, literature review and research methods, and compares the similarities and differences of expert witnesses in the common law system and our current expert auxiliary system, by comparing the reference to find out the defects of our current system. According to the problems found and puts forward some improvement measures. This paper is divided into five parts:
The first part mainly gives a brief overview of the auxiliary expert system. In this part, mainly introduces the research background of China's current system of expert, the research purpose and significance, literature review and research methods, through the brief introduction of the intention for the expert assistant system outline of the show, playing under the analysis of this paper.
The second part is the main content of the status quo of China's existing expert assisted system is analyzed. In this part, the statement and analysis of China's current main expert auxiliary system of legislation and the judicial practice of the status quo, legislative situation in part put out the provisions of the three procedural laws made to this system in the judicial practice; part through which defects of expert system are analyzed, and then derive the auxiliary expert system is very necessary.
The third part is the main content of the two kinds of similar system, that is our current expert assistant system and common law countries of the expert witness system put together to make a horizontal comparison. The defects and advantages of this part focuses on the Anglo American law system of the expert witness system is introduced, and through the comparison of I in the current system of expert and expert witnesses in the common law system, points out the shortcomings of our current system, laying the groundwork for the following analysis of defects.
The fourth part is the defect of the expert assistant system. This part is some shortcomings of our current expert assistant system through the analysis of the above two parts.
The fifth part is about the perfection of expert assistant system. This part puts forward some perfect measures for the defects of our current expert assistant system, in order to better apply this system to judicial practice and serve for judicial fairness and justice.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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