论民事非法证据排除规则

发布时间：2018-04-11 11:12

本文选题：民事诉讼 + 非法证据　；参考：《大连海事大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：民事非法证据排除规则是民事诉讼证据规则的重要内容之一,但是在我国立法上并没有得到详实的规定。事实上,完善民事非法证据排除规则,具有非常重要的意义。随着信息技术对人类生活全方位的介入和影响,公民个人权利面临着数字化时代电子技术的威胁与侵害,加之我国纠纷主体的法治观念薄弱,实践中因公民的非法取证行为侵犯他人合法权益的事件频频发生,因此对民事非法证据排除规则进行深入地探讨,并在我国确立非法证据排除规则体系已成为当务之急。鉴于此,本文拟通过对比美国和德国的非法证据排除规则的具体内容,寻求可资借鉴的立法经验和实践成果,从而构建和完善中国的民事诉讼非法证据排除规则体系。本文共分为四部分：第一部分是民事非法证据排除规则的基本问题。该部分通过对“民事非法证据”和“民事非法证据排除规则”概念的界定,阐述了对民事非法证据排除规则的理论分析,以求达到对基本概念和理论的把握,为后几部分的探讨打下了基础。第二部分是民事非法证据排除规则的立法比较。该部分通过比较两大法系民事诉讼证据规则的立法规定,分析了美德两国在民事非法证据排除规则方面存在的差异,并指出了这些差异对于构建我国的民事非法证据排除规则具有的启示意义。第三部分是对我国的民事非法证据排除规则的现状分析。该部分介绍了我国现行法律和司法解释中有关民事诉讼非法证据排除规则的规范,指出了其存在的不足主要在于内容抽象,缺乏可操作性,并结合司法实践探讨几种典型“非法取证”问题。第四部分是对我国民事非法证据排除规则的完善。该部分主要结合我国民事非法证据排除规则的不足,从依据的原则、排除的范围、提出的主体、提出的时间、证明责任等方面提出了具体的构建建议。
[Abstract]:The rule of exclusion of civil illegal evidence is one of the important contents of the rules of evidence in civil proceedings, but it has not been stipulated in detail in the legislation of our country.In fact, it is of great significance to perfect the rules of exclusion of civil illegal evidence.With the intervention and influence of information technology in all aspects of human life, the individual rights of citizens are facing the threat and infringement of electronic technology in the digital age, and the concept of rule of law of the subject of disputes in our country is weak.In practice, the violation of the legitimate rights and interests of others by citizens' illegal evidence behavior occurs frequently. Therefore, it is urgent to probe deeply into the rules of exclusion of civil illegal evidence and to establish the system of rules of exclusion of illegal evidence in our country.In view of this, this paper intends to compare the specific contents of the exclusionary rules of illegal evidence in the United States and Germany, and seek the legislative experience and practical results that can be used for reference in order to construct and perfect the rule system of illegal evidence exclusion in civil proceedings in China.This paper is divided into four parts:The first part is the basic problem of the rule of exclusion of civil illegal evidence.By defining the concepts of "civil illegal evidence" and "civil illegal evidence exclusion rule", this part expounds the theoretical analysis of the civil illegal evidence exclusion rules in order to grasp the basic concepts and theories.It lays a foundation for the discussion of the latter part.The second part is the legislative comparison of the exclusion rules of civil illegal evidence.By comparing the legislative provisions of the rules of evidence in civil proceedings between the two legal systems, this part analyzes the differences between the two countries in the rules of exclusion of civil illegal evidence.It also points out the enlightenment significance of these differences to the construction of the rule of exclusion of civil illegal evidence in our country.The third part is the analysis of the current situation of the rule of exclusion of civil illegal evidence in our country.This part introduces the norms of the exclusion rules of illegal evidence in the current law and judicial interpretation of our country, and points out that the main shortcomings of the rules are abstract content and lack of operability.Combined with judicial practice, this paper discusses several typical problems of illegal forensics.The fourth part is the perfection of the rule of exclusion of civil illegal evidence in our country.This part mainly combines our country civil illegal evidence exclusion rule insufficiency, from the basis principle, the exclusion scope, the proposed main body, the proposed time, the proof responsibility and so on the aspect has proposed the concrete construction proposal.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D925.1

【参考文献】