我国第三人撤销之诉的实践运行研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 17:00

本文选题：第三人撤销之诉 + 构成要件　；参考：《中国法学》2015年06期

【摘要】："规制虚假诉讼"被普遍认为是第三人撤销之诉的制度目的,然而我国《民事诉讼法》相关条文对此并无反映,实践中"虚假诉讼"也没有成为法院裁判此类案件的主要考量。我国第三人撤销之诉六项法定构成要件中,三项程序要件的理解与适用较为简单,原告的起诉不能满足其要求的,法院多数会在实体审理前予以驳回。原告主体适格问题较为复杂,一方面呈现程序要件的特征,另一方面又有显著的实体要件特征。此外,通过裁判文书可以看出,"原裁判错误"这一要件的运行有复杂化倾向。为适度简化第三人撤销之诉的司法实践,法院应以原告的权利依据为中心,综合审理、判断"原告主体适格"、"权益受损"和"原裁判错误"这三项实体要件。同时,为规范该类诉讼的程序运行,增强审理的条理性,减少裁判的随意性,法院应重视构成要件与程序阶段、裁判结果之间的对应关系,并合理安排各个要件的审理(查)顺序。
[Abstract]:"regulating false litigation" is generally regarded as the purpose of the third party to withdraw the lawsuit. However, the relevant provisions of our Civil procedure Law do not reflect this, and the "false litigation" has not become the main consideration of the court to adjudicate such cases in practice.In our country, the three procedural elements are relatively simple to understand and apply, if the plaintiff can not satisfy their requirements, most of the court will reject them before the substantive trial.The problem of plaintiff's qualification is complicated. On the one hand, it presents the characteristics of procedural elements and, on the other hand, it has the characteristics of substantial elements.In addition, we can see that the operation of "original error" is more complicated.In order to reasonably simplify the judicial practice of the third party's revocation, the court should take the plaintiff's right as the center, try comprehensively and judge the three substantive elements of "the plaintiff's subject qualification", "the rights and interests damaged" and "the original judgment mistake".At the same time, in order to regulate the procedural operation of this kind of litigation, enhance the order of the trial, reduce the arbitrariness of the referee, the court should attach importance to the corresponding relationship between the constitutive elements and the procedure stage and the judgment result.And reasonable arrangement of the various elements of the trial (check) order.
【作者单位】：河南大学法学院;
【基金】：2013年度教育部人文社科基金项目“我国民事裁判的证据路径依赖及其影响——基于6个法院532份一审判决的实证研究”(项目批准号:13YJC820113)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D925.1

【共引文献】