论我国涉外商事仲裁协议效力的认定

发布时间：2018-04-14 12:21

本文选题：涉外商事仲裁协议 + 效力认定　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：仲裁程序已经发展成为现代商业运营过程中重要的争议解决手段,在国际交往间颇受各国当事人青睐。作为仲裁程序的开端,仲裁协议的拟定是整个仲裁程序中最为关键的步骤。当事人之间达成的仲裁协议是否能被一国认定为有效直接关系到整个仲裁程序能否顺利进行。尽管伴随着国际商业交往的进步,我国涉外商事仲裁事业得到了不断的丰富和发展,但在相关制度设计上仍然存在许多需要解决的问题。通过对所选取的案例进行分析发现,我国近年来无论是在立法上还是在实践过程中对于涉外商事仲裁协议的效力认定所表现出的态度一直较为严苛。当事人之间达成的涉外商事仲裁协议往往得不到司法机关的有效认可,阻碍了我国涉外仲裁事业的健康发展。对于仲裁协议的有效性,通常情况下交由仲裁机构与一国法院进行判定。一方面"仲裁庭自裁原则"已经成为现代国际商事仲裁的理论基础之一,仲裁机构依据该原则取得对于仲裁协议效力判定的权力;另一方面一国法院作为国家司法权力的行使机关应当对在其主权范围内或与该国有相关联系的仲裁协议效力有权予以判断。目前,尽管包括我国在内的世界多国及地区对此做法都予以接受,但这样的划分方法却在实践过程中引发了一些问题。同时,达成一项有效的仲裁协议不仅基于发生争议事项的现实情况,还要求该协议应当具备完整的要件。首先,这一问题应当是被允许仲裁的。对于仲裁协议而言,其达成主体可能是自然人、法人、非法人团体、国家等各种形式,这就要求所达成仲裁协议的主体应当具备相应的资格。同时,仲裁的意思表示是仲裁程序的基础,达成有效的仲裁协议要求仲裁的意愿出于真实且合法有效。而仲裁机构及仲裁地点的选定则可能会对仲裁过程和仲裁结果产生重大影响。在分析涉外商事仲裁协议被我国司法机关认定为无效的各种情形的基础上,针对我国涉外商事仲裁协议效力认定过程中存在的问题,笔者提出了相应的立法和实践建议。在支持和鼓励仲裁事业发展的背景下力求保障仲裁协议得到有效认定。首先严格遵循当事人意思自治的原则,以确保现代商业活动的有序进行。同时采取最密切联系原则对案件的涉外因素进行判断,给予涉外因素更加弹性的认定标准。弱化对于仲裁机构选定的强制性要求以提高实践过程中仲裁协议被认定为有效的比例。最后,通过减少人民法院对于仲裁程序的干预、明确仲裁机构管辖权,以保障仲裁程序的效率价值。
[Abstract]:Arbitration procedure has developed into an important means of dispute settlement in modern commercial operation, and has been favored by the parties in various countries.As the beginning of arbitration procedure, the drafting of arbitration agreement is the most important step in the whole arbitration procedure.Whether the arbitration agreement between the parties can be regarded as valid is directly related to the smooth progress of the arbitration proceedings.Although with the progress of international commercial exchanges, China's foreign commercial arbitration has been constantly enriched and developed, but there are still many problems to be solved in the design of relevant systems.Through the analysis of the selected cases, it is found that in recent years, the attitude of our country regarding the validity of the foreign commercial arbitration agreement has been quite strict, both in legislation and in the process of practice.The foreign commercial arbitration agreement between the parties is often not recognized effectively by the judicial authorities, which hinders the healthy development of foreign arbitration in our country.The validity of the arbitration agreement is usually referred to an arbitration agency and a national court for determination.On the one hand, "the arbitration tribunal self-adjudication principle" has become one of the theoretical bases of modern international commercial arbitration, according to which the arbitration institution obtains the power to judge the validity of the arbitration agreement;On the other hand, the court of a country, as the organ exercising the judicial power of the state, should have the right to judge the validity of the arbitration agreement within its sovereignty or in connection with that country.At present, although many countries and regions in the world, including China, have accepted this approach, such a division method has caused some problems in the course of practice.At the same time, the conclusion of an effective arbitration agreement not only based on the reality of the dispute, but also requires that the agreement should have complete elements.First, the issue should be allowed for arbitration.For the arbitration agreement, the subject may be natural person, legal person, unincorporated body, state and so on, which requires that the subject of the arbitration agreement should have corresponding qualifications.At the same time, the expression of the will of arbitration is the basis of the arbitration procedure. To reach an effective arbitration agreement requires the will of arbitration to be true and legal.The selection of arbitration institution and place may have a great influence on the arbitration process and the result.Based on the analysis of various situations in which the foreign commercial arbitration agreement has been recognized as invalid by the judicial organs of our country, the author puts forward corresponding legislative and practical suggestions in view of the problems existing in the process of confirming the validity of the foreign commercial arbitration agreement in our country.In the context of supporting and encouraging the development of arbitration, we strive to ensure that the arbitration agreement is effectively recognized.First of all, strictly follow the principle of party autonomy, to ensure the orderly conduct of modern commercial activities.At the same time, we adopt the principle of the closest connection to judge the foreign factors and give them more flexible criteria.The mandatory requirement selected by the arbitration institution is weakened to increase the proportion of the arbitration agreement recognized as valid in practice.Finally, by reducing the intervention of the people's court in the arbitration procedure, the jurisdiction of the arbitration institution is defined to ensure the efficiency value of the arbitration procedure.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.7

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