民事诉讼“调解优先”政策执行偏差研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 10:53

本文选题：调解优先 + 公共政策　；参考：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2008年最高人民法院确立“调解优先”的司法政策以来,该政策在化解社会矛盾纠纷,促进社会和谐方面发挥了积极作用,但是该政策在执行中也出现了一系列问题,诸如政策执行手段违反政策内在要求、政策结果偏离了政策目标,产生了一系列偏差现象,背离了“纠纷彻底解决”的精神实质,突出表现就是“调解优先”演变为“调解率优先”,陷入了问题到手段的“线性误区”。本文以影响公共政策有效执行的因素为视角,对上述偏差进行研究,以期找到偏差原因,提出对策。文章分为五个部分,第一章绪论：介绍选题意义、国内外的研究现状及评述；第二章“调解优先”政策执行偏差界定及由来,该部分对本文的研究工具：政策执行理论相关概念进行界定,在史密斯模型的基础上提出了影响公共政策执行的有效因素包括政策质量、政策执行主体、政策执行客体、政策环境及政策执行监控机制五个因素,并作为本文分析模型。本部分还对本文研究对象“调解优先”政策进行阐释,在此基础上对“调解优先”政策执行偏差进行了界定。第三章“调解优先”政策执行偏差的主要表现：政策执行机械化、歪曲化、缺损化、敷衍化、手段违法化。第四章“调解优先”政策执行偏差的原因。本部分从影响公共政策执行的五个因素围绕政策执行偏的表现,分别查找原因,这些原因包括政策目标不明晰、适用范围不明晰、政策措施不得当、政策不配套；执行主体利益冲突、能力缺陷、思想抵触；执行客体利益博弈、内心抵触、对执行主体缺乏信任；司法不独立、缺少经费保障；程序保障机制缺乏、反馈机制不健全、考核机制不完善等。第五章政策执行偏差的矫正对策。本章在第三章偏差表现和第四章偏差原因的基础上,寻找解决对策：1.改善政策本身的质量：明确界定政策目标、明确排除政策适用范围、政策措施要坚持法律原则；2.优化政策执行主体：增强执行主体政策认同感、提高调解工作水平、完善执行主体多元化机制；3.发挥执行客体积极因素,防止投机行为：争取政策认同配合、防止假意调解；4.优化政策执行环境：真正落实司法独立、调解经费给予保障；5.建立有效的政策执行监控机制：制定调解程序法,规范调解程序、建立调解案件评估反馈制度、完善案件质量考评体系、加强对执行主体的监督。
[Abstract]:Since the Supreme people's Court established the judicial policy of "mediation first" in 2008, the policy has played an active role in resolving social contradictions and disputes and promoting social harmony. However, a series of problems have arisen in the implementation of the policy.For example, the means of policy implementation violate the inherent requirements of the policy, and the policy results deviate from the policy objectives, resulting in a series of deviations, which deviate from the spiritual essence of "resolving disputes once and for all".The outstanding performance is that "mediation priority" evolves into "mediation rate priority" and falls into the "linear misunderstanding" from problem to means.From the perspective of the factors influencing the effective implementation of public policies, this paper studies the above deviations in order to find out the causes of the deviations and put forward countermeasures.The article is divided into five parts. The first chapter introduces the significance of the topic, the current research situation and comments at home and abroad, the second chapter "mediation priority" policy implementation deviation definition and origin,On the basis of Smith's model, the effective factors influencing the implementation of public policy include policy quality, subject of policy implementation, object of policy implementation.Five factors of policy environment and monitoring mechanism of policy execution are used as the analysis model of this paper.This part also explains the policy of "mediation priority", and defines the deviation of "mediation priority" policy implementation.The third chapter mainly shows the deviation of policy implementation: mechanization, distortion, defect, perfunctory and illegal means of policy execution.The fourth chapter is the reasons for the deviation of the policy of mediation priority.This part looks for the reasons from the five factors which affect the implementation of public policy, including unclear policy objectives, unclear scope of application, inappropriate policy measures and inadequate policies;Conflict of interest of executive subject, defect of ability, conflict of thought; conflict of interest of executive object, inner conflict, lack of trust in executive subject; lack of judicial independence, lack of fund guarantee, lack of procedural guarantee mechanism, imperfect feedback mechanism,The examination mechanism is not perfect and so on.The fifth chapter corrects the deviation of policy implementation.This chapter, on the basis of the third chapter deviation performance and the fourth chapter deviation reason, looks for the solution countermeasure: 1.Improve the quality of the policy itself: clearly define policy objectives, clear exclusion of policy scope, policy measures should adhere to legal principles. 2.Optimize the policy executive subject: strengthen the policy identity of the executive body, improve the level of mediation, and improve the pluralistic mechanism of the executive body.Give play to the positive factors of the implementation of the object to prevent speculation: strive for policy identification and coordination, prevent false mediation. 4.Optimize the policy implementation environment: truly implement the independence of the judiciary, mediation funds to provide security.To establish an effective policy implementation monitoring mechanism: to formulate mediation procedure law, standardize mediation procedure, establish mediation case evaluation feedback system, perfect the case quality evaluation system, and strengthen the supervision over the subject of execution.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.14

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