从证据收集看审前羁押——基于A市的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 19:03

本文选题：审前羁押 + 诉讼效率　；参考：《华东政法大学学报》2016年02期

【摘要】：新近的错罪和超期羁押,引发了学界对审前羁押功能的反思。通过文献梳理发现,中外审前羁押理论和立法比较的成果丰厚,但对司法现状掌握不多。以A市1205份刑事判决书及3063份证据为样本,研究发现我国审前羁押率高、羁押期限较长,不必要羁押普遍存在,应当大力推行审前释放。理由为:第一,在嫌疑人到案初期公安机关已查实证明犯罪的主要证据,以押代罚不合理;第二,公诉和审判阶段以程序性证据收集为主,保障诉讼观念须反思;第三,各阶段羁押期限普遍延长且证据收集存在后尾,诉讼效率低下。研究表明,我国的审前羁押处于世界中等水平,取保候审后逃跑、犯新罪等妨碍诉讼案例不常见。鉴于审前释放风险较小,践行无罪推定可缓解立法与司法、精确定罪与预防错案的双重困境。
[Abstract]:The recent misdemeanour and extended detention have triggered a reflection on the function of pretrial detention in academic circles. Through literature review, it is found that domestic and foreign pretrial detention theory and legislation comparison results are rich, but the judicial status quo is not much grasped. Taking 1205 criminal judgments and 3063 evidences as samples in A city, it is found that the pretrial detention rate is high, the detention period is longer and the unnecessary detention is widespread in China. Therefore, pretrial release should be carried out vigorously. The reasons are as follows: first, the public security organs have verified the main evidence to prove the crime at the early stage of the case, and it is unreasonable to detain the criminal agent for punishment; second, the procedural evidence collection is the main part in the public prosecution and the trial stage, so as to ensure that the concept of litigation should be reconsidered; third, The detention period of each stage is extended generally, the evidence collection exists in the end, and the litigation efficiency is low. The research shows that the pretrial detention in our country is in the middle level in the world. In view of the low risk of pretrial release, practicing the presumption of innocence can alleviate the dual dilemma of legislation and judicature, accurate conviction and prevention of wrong cases.
【作者单位】：西南财经大学法学院;
【基金】：2013年司法部项目“预防与纠错:全球刑事错罪对中国司法的启示”(项目号13SFB3015)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D925.2

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