论我国的先行调解制度

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:35

本文选题：先行调解 + 适宜调解　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：2012年8月31日,全国人民代表大会常务委员会会议修改了《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》,确立了先行调解制度。修改后的《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第122条规定“当事人起诉到人民法院的民事纠纷,适宜调解的,先行调解,但当事人拒绝调解的除外。”该条规定从而确立了我国民事诉讼领域的一项新制度,即先行调解制度。该制度的确立,有着重大深远的意义。改革开放以来,随着我国市场经济的不断发展,法制日益健全,人民的法制观念不断提高,随而带来的是我国法院每年需要解决大量的民事诉讼案件,根据《最高人民法院公报》中的数据统计,我国人民法院在2009年受理的第一审民事案件为五百八十多万件,2010年,人民法院受理的第一审民事案件突破了六百万件,2011年则超过了六百六十万件,2012年则达到了八百四十多万件,并且每年呈递增的态势。我国第一审民事案件的逐年递增给我国的人民法院带来了巨大的压力,尤其是基层人民法院。此次先行调解制度的确立,立法机关通过立法明确赋予了法院对立案受理前的案件进行调解的权力,人民法院在立案受理前的先行调解有了法律可循。这样就会有大量的民事案件在没有进入诉讼程序之前就得到了解决,将会在一定程度上缓解人民法院的审判压力,此次民事诉讼法修改确立的先行调解制度是我国替代性纠纷解决机制(ADR)的重要组成部分,对于完善我国的社会纠纷解决体系,完善我国社会主义法治具有重要意义。但是,需要指出的是,本次民事诉讼法确立的先行调解制度也有诸多的不足之处,在未来的民事诉讼法的修改中需要加以完善。本文共分为五章。第一章是先行调解的概述,本章指出了我国还没有对先行调解的概念进行明确的现状,对先行调解的概念进行了明确。第二章是先行调解的原则,阐述了先行调解的四大原则,即自愿原则、保密原则、高效便捷原则、保密原则。第三章是先行调解的具体内容解读,分析了先行调解的适用范围、先行调解的主体、先行调解的启动、先行调解的进行、先行调解的结果及效力以及先行调解的费用,明确阐述了先行调解制度在实务中应当如何具体适用。第四章是先行调解制度的不足,罗列了我国先行调解制度的不足之处。第五章先行调解制度的完善,针对我国先行调解制度还存在的问题,提出了修改的建议,为我国未来民事诉讼法的完善出谋划策。
[Abstract]:On August 31, 2012, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress amended the Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China and established the system of advance mediation. Article 122 of the revised Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China provides that "where a civil dispute brought by a party to a people's court is suitable for mediation, mediation shall be carried out first, except if the party refuses to mediate." Therefore, this article establishes a new system in the field of civil action in China, namely the system of mediation in advance. The establishment of this system is of great significance. Since the reform and opening up, with the continuous development of the market economy in our country, the legal system has become increasingly sound, and the people's concept of legal system has been constantly improved, which has brought about the need for the courts of our country to solve a large number of civil litigation cases every year. According to the statistics in the "Supreme people's Court Bulletin", the number of first instance civil cases accepted by the Chinese people's courts in 2009 was more than 580 million, and in 2010, The first instance civil cases accepted by the people's courts exceeded 6 million, more than 6.6 million in 2011, and more than 840 million in 2012, with an increasing trend every year. The increasing number of civil cases in the first instance of our country brings great pressure to the people's courts of our country, especially the basic people's courts. With the establishment of the mediation system, the legislature has explicitly given the court the power to mediate the cases before filing for acceptance, and the people's court has a law to follow before accepting the case. In this way, a large number of civil cases will be resolved before entering the proceedings, which will to a certain extent relieve the people's court of trial pressure. The mediation system in advance established by the revision of the Civil procedure Law is an important part of the alternative dispute resolution mechanism in China. It is of great significance to perfect the social dispute resolution system and the socialist rule of law in our country. However, it should be pointed out that the mediation system established in this civil procedure law also has many deficiencies, which need to be perfected in the revision of the civil procedure law in the future. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the first mediation, this chapter points out that our country has not been clear about the concept of mediation in advance of the status quo, the concept of mediation in advance is clear. The second chapter is the principle of mediation in advance, elaborated the four principles of mediation in advance, namely voluntary principle, confidentiality principle, efficient and convenient principle, confidentiality principle. The third chapter is the interpretation of the specific content of the first mediation, analyzes the scope of application of the first mediation, the subject of the first mediation, the initiation of the first mediation, the conduct of the first mediation, the results and effectiveness of the first mediation, and the costs of the first mediation. This paper expounds clearly how the system of mediation in advance should be applied in practice. The fourth chapter is the deficiency of the advance mediation system, which lists the deficiencies of the first mediation system in our country. The fifth chapter is the perfection of the mediation system in advance, aiming at the problems existing in the system of mediation in advance in our country, the author puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of the civil procedure law of our country in the future.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.14

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