我国刑事追诉时效制度问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 23:33

本文选题：刑事追诉时效 + 追诉时效期限　；参考：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为我国的刑事法律基本制度之一,追诉时效制度主要规定了司法机关应在法律规定的有效期限内追究犯罪人刑事责任的内容。司法机关在该有效期限内不对犯罪人的犯罪行为实施追诉的,将失去追诉的权力。追诉时效关乎人的自由甚至生命,所以其在刑事法律制度中的重要作用毋庸置疑。追诉时效制度设定合理,一方面,刑事追诉时效制度的存在,能促使被害人及时提出控告以维护自己的合法权益和司法机关及时依法履行自己的职权,另一方面也使犯罪后超过追诉时效的行为人在一段较长时间后基于刑罚的消灭原因而不再被追诉。从保护被害人的合法权益、维护国家法律尊严以及保护社会秩序的出发点,不受追诉时效期限限制的无限延长制度,作为例外或补充规定,也有存在的必要性。法律总有其滞后性,为了诉讼的顺利以及追诉时效相关制度的完善,我国刑事追诉时效制度中设立中止制度极其必要,这不仅能使国家公诉机关及时行使追诉权,也能使被害人或自诉人同样及时有效地行使自己的权利。由于对法律的不同理解,刑事追诉时效制度在司法实践中的运用差异巨大,导致对相同案件有不同处理。因此,该制度存在的不足和缺陷应得到正视并予以完善。本文通过认真挖掘追诉时效制度相关规定,主要研究和阐述该制度规定及其问题,探讨了该制度设计的利弊,并提出应创设具有我国特色的刑事追诉时效中止制度内容。文章共分为五部分。第一部分是引言。简要分析了刑事追诉时效制度的概念以及该制度的设立初衷与目的,提出在理论上及司法实践中对于时效制度的价值和内涵的认识还有待进一步厘清。第二部分阐述了一般原理。主要介绍了追诉时效制度内涵等。第三部分主要论述和具体介绍了我国追诉时效期限的设置内容。第四部分论述了追诉时效制度中的延长制度。主要分析了“不受追诉时效限制”条款的具体理解,通过介绍该条款内容及其立法价值,并对该条款进行反思,从而引入追诉时效中止制度。第五部分阐析了追诉时效起算制度内容。通过比较域外刑事追诉时效起算时间的立法例,提出域外立法例对我国的借鉴意义,还介绍了我国追诉时效起算时间的合理理解,包括“犯罪日”内容规定以及提出一些特殊案件的处理建议。
[Abstract]:As one of the basic systems of criminal law in our country, the system of limitation of prosecution mainly prescribes the content that the judicial organ should investigate the criminal responsibility of the offender within the valid period stipulated by law. If the judicial organ does not prosecute the criminal act within the period of validity, it will lose the power of prosecution. The statute of limitations is related to human freedom and even life, so its important role in the criminal law system is beyond doubt. On the one hand, the existence of the system of limitation for criminal prosecution can prompt the victim to file a complaint in time in order to safeguard his legitimate rights and interests and the judicial organ to perform its functions and powers in accordance with the law. On the other hand, the perpetrator who exceeds the statute of limitations after the crime is not prosecuted for a long period of time based on the extermination of penalty. From the point of view of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the victims, safeguarding the national legal dignity and protecting the social order, the system of unlimited extension not subject to the limitation of limitation of prosecution, as an exception or supplementary provision, also has the necessity of existence. Law always has its lag. For the sake of the smooth litigation and the perfection of the system related to the limitation of prosecution, it is extremely necessary to set up a suspension system in the system of limitation of criminal prosecution in our country, which not only enables the national public prosecution organ to exercise the right of prosecution in time. It can also enable the victim or private prosecutor to exercise their rights in a timely and effective manner. Due to the different understanding of the law, there are great differences in the application of the system of limitation of criminal prosecution in judicial practice, which leads to different treatment of the same cases. Therefore, the shortcomings and defects of the system should be addressed and perfected. This paper, by carefully digging out the relevant provisions of the limitation of prosecution system, mainly studies and expounds the regulations and problems of the system, probes into the advantages and disadvantages of the design of the system, and puts forward that the suspension system of the limitation of criminal prosecution should be created with the characteristics of our country. The article is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. This paper briefly analyzes the concept of the system of limitation of criminal prosecution and its original intention and purpose, and points out that the understanding of the value and connotation of the system of limitation in theory and judicial practice needs to be further clarified. The second part expounds the general principle. This paper mainly introduces the connotation of limitation of prosecution system and so on. The third part mainly discusses and introduces the setting content of limitation period of prosecution in China. The fourth part discusses the extension system in the system of limitation of prosecution. This paper mainly analyzes the concrete understanding of the clause "not subject to limitation of limitation of prosecution", introduces its content and its legislative value, and reflects on the clause, thus introducing the system of suspension of limitation of recourse. The fifth part explains the content of the system. By comparing the legislative examples of the prescription of limitation of criminal prosecution abroad, the paper puts forward the reference significance of the legislation of the foreign country to our country, and introduces the reasonable understanding of the starting time of the limitation of prosecution in our country. Including the content of the "Crime Day" provisions and some special cases proposed to deal with.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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